Charctic using mean and standard deviation
Using the 1981 to 2010 mean produces a wide swath of “average of average” values, marked in light gray. Note that the mean line (charcoal) is exactly centered within the standard deviation swath throughout the time of year shown. Also note that the 2022 extent line (blue) falls within the standard deviation swath for most of the period shown. — Credit: NSIDC Charctic