The data set contains boreal forest and tundra snow depth profile measurements in Northern Alaska, USA; data were collected during the October 2023 intensive observation period (IOP) as part of the NASA SnowEx 2023 field campaign. The purpose of the ground-based snow depth profiles is to provide detailed observations of the snow profile, which include observations of air gaps, generally caused by vegetation. Ground-based snow depth profile measurements were taken in the vicinity of snow pits distributed across five study areas in Northern Alaska. Three study areas represented boreal forest snow conditions near Fairbanks, AK: Farmers Loop Creamers Field (FLCF), Caribou Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW), and Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest (BCEF). Two study areas represented Arctic tundra snow conditions: Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) and Upper Kuparuk Toolik (UKT). These data can be used as validation data for concurrent SnowEx 2023 ground-based snow depth measurements, as well as airborne lidar and radar observations.