Is dirty air adding to climate change?
How much is soot contributing to the problem? More than we thought, according to Mark Jacobson at Stanford University. It works like this: as sea ice melts, larger areas of open water absorb heat and add to ice melt. Soot falls on sea ice and amplifies that effect by making the ice surface darker and less reflective. “Black carbon over snow absorbs not only sunlight coming down but also sunlight reflected off of snow and ice coming back up,” Jacobson said. His study, published last summer in Journal of Geophysical Research, showed that soot particles are second only to greenhouse gases in the decline of Arctic sea ice.

Could reducing soot help reduce sea ice loss? Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide hang around in the upper atmosphere for hundreds of years, so cutting emissions wouldn’t have an immediate effect. Soot, on the other hand, is made up of small particles, like tiny grains of dust, and it falls out of the air in a much shorter time frame. Reducing soot emissions would quickly reduce the amount of soot in the atmosphere and on sea ice.
References:
Jacobson, M. Z. 2010. Short-term effects of controlling fossil-fuel soot, biofuel soot and gases, and methane on climate, Arctic ice, and air pollution health. Journal of Geophysical Research 115, D14209, doi:10.1029/2009JD013795
Jacobson, M. Z. 2004. Climate Response of fossil fuel and biofuel soot, accounting for soot’s feedback to snow and sea ice albedo and emissivity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, D21201, doi:10.1029/2004JD004945.
Ramanathan, V. and G. Carmichael. 2008. Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon. Nature Geoscience 1: 221-227.
Stroeve, J., M. M. Holland, W. Meier, T. Scambos, and M. Serreze. 2007. Arctic sea ice decline: Faster than forecast. Geophysical Research Letters 34, L09501, doi:10.1029/2007GL029703.