Our Research

Snow-covered area in May across the western United States was 9 percent above average, at 105,000 square kilometers (41,000 square miles) of snow cover, ranking twelfth in the 25-year satellite record. Snow-covered area for May was 67,000 square kilometers (25,000 square miles) below 2011, the highest year, and 53,000 square kilometers (21,000 square miles) above 2015, the lowest May on record. 

May sea ice extent in the Arctic averaged 12.56 million square kilometers (4.85 million square miles), tying with 2004 for seventh lowest on the 47-year satellite record. Antarctic sea ice extent for May was fifth lowest in the satellite record, but below average growth through the month resulted in the daily ice extent moving away from the 1981 to 2010 average.

CIRES and NSIDC scientist Mark Seefeldt will travel to Norway in 2026 as a Fulbright U.S. Scholar to advance research on Arctic temperature extremes.

Snow cover dropped in most of the US West during April, but still led to average snow cover overall, ranking twelfth in the 25-year satellite record. Snow water equivalent (SWE) decreased in every state in the western United States, with coastal states showing the largest decreases at individual stations.

Arctic sea ice extent through most of April changed very little. Only at the end of the month did extent begin to decline. Because the month started with unusually low extent, however, the average extent for April ended up tied for ninth lowest in the satellite record. The situation in the Antarctic remained fickle. Extent at the end of the month was tracking near the levels recorded for 2024, but well above the record low in 2023.

In November 2021, snow in South Greenland shrouded the ground when heavy rain fell, forming an ice crust and stranding hundreds of sheep in the rugged terrain. Most perished following this rain-on-snow event. The international Arctic Rain on Snow Study (AROSS), led by the National Snow and Ice Data Center, had not expected to hear similar stories of livestock decline caused by rain on snow events in southern Greenland like they had been hearing about in Alaska, Lapland, and Russia. The event in South Greenland marked an opportunity for AROSS to offer knowledge exchange across different cultures, cultural practices, and environments under an increasingly unpredictable climate.