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This helicopter view shows the edge of AMIGOSberg. Notice the blue markings along the edge; these are yearly refreezing lines. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek team camped out in these tents on Iceberg A22a. PhotoCredit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This view shows the edge of an iceberg, with the ocean in the background. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
From a helicopter, the edge of AMIGOSberg is visible. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This plane flew the Megadunes crew during the first season of Megadunes in 2002 to 2003.Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
A view out my window in the C-130 along the Western coast of Greenland. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Another view out my window in the C-130 along the Western coast of Greenland. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Winds sweep over the edge of AMIGOSberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
From a helicopter, the edge of AMIGOSberg is visible, including the refreezing lines. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos stands at the edge of AMIGOSberg. In the background, the shape of AMIGOSberg sloping downhill from right to left, an example of iceberg flexing. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows an iceberg breaking apart. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Chip, the test iceberg used to try out equipment during IceTrek.Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Ronald Ross (left) and Pedro Skvarca (right) dragsthe sled across Chip, the test iceberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Tents and equipment hunker down to weather the elements on AMIGOSberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek crew gathers for a photo on Chip, the test iceberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The crew drags the sled on Chip, the test iceberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Crane Glacier, located along the Antarctic Coast. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Drygalski Glacier on the Antarctic Coast. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Chip, the test iceberg used to try out equipment during IceTrek. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
A discontinuous glacier breaks apart due to airfall near Sjogren Glacier. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
An iceberg near Chip, the test berg, was fractured with cracks. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This iceberg is shown for its fracturing surface features. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
An in-flight photo of Hektoria Glacier, shows a pattern of shifting in the foreground. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows James Ross Island. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This helicopter view shows the Irizar, surrounded by the Antarctic waters. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Jorum Glacier, located along the Antarctic Coast. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows the edge of the Larsen B Ice Shelf. PhotoCredit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows the edge of the Larsen B Ice Shelf. The surface is melted, and ice flows off the edge like a waterfall. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows James Ross Island (foreground) and the Antarctic coastline, including Victory Glacier (background). Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
An in-flight view shows the surface of an iceberg and the melt ponds atop it. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Melville Glacier and Mapple Glacier. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Icebergs and sea ice melt during the southern hemisphere summer. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Icebergs melt during the southern hemisphere summer. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Iceberg A22a floats near Antarctica. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer (left) and Ronald Ross (right), were ready to come home at the end of the IceTrek expedition. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Small icebergs are common to see floating near AntarcticaPhoto Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek team drove up from Rio Gallegos to Parque Nacional los Glaciares. This is one in a series of photos from Parque Nacional los Glaciares. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Iceberg A22a rises like a cliff from the sea. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Iceberg A22a looks smooth and inviting from above. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Polaris Glacier, bordering Pyke Glacier. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Punchbowl Glacier is located along the Antarctic Coast. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This bump at the edge of AMIGOSberg is known as a push mound or a bumper mark. This phenomenon occurs when icebergs bump into other icebergs or land. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Pyke Glacier borders Edgeworth Glacier. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Rohss Glacier, located on James Ross Island. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek team walksalong the coast of Seymour Island, taking in the view that Marambio Base has to offer. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Pyke Glacier borders Polaris Glacier in Antarctica. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Vegaberg (foreground), Vega Island (midground), and the Trinity Peninsula (background). Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This photo shows Trinity Peninsula, near Sjogren Glacier. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Sjogren Glacier, with Trinity Peninsula in the background. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Vegaberg with Vega Island in the background. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Vegaberg (foreground), Vega Island (midground), and the Antarctic coastline (background). Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo shows Vega Island (foreground), James Ross Island (midground), and the Antarctic coast (background). Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Vega Island (foreground) and Trinity Peninsula (background). Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Vega Island. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Vega Island, particularly its coastline. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Shari (right) and Lene (left) watch the dogs and sleds getting ready. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
This photo was taken during a flight over the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Bird Glacier lurks in the background, with Darwin Glacier in the foreground. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos checks on the GPS/GPR surveying system during the 2002-03 Megadunes expedition. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view of a blue ice region in Antarctica was taken during the 2002-03 Megadunes expedition. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Megadunes are slightly rounded at their crests and are so subtle that a person on the ground cannot see the pattern. In this aerial photograph, the megadune area looks like light and dark stripes in the snow. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Mountains rise over the Dry Valleys region in Antarctica. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The Megadunes team flew over the Scott Coast in Antarctica on the way to their field camp. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The Megadunes team set up Scott and Endurance tents near TAM camp. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The Megadunes expedition camp tents included the PolarHaven (blue) and the WeatherHaven (white). Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Snow builds up heavily on one side of the Scott tents at the Megadunes camp. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Large crevasses in the ice near Jakobshavn glacier, viewed from the twin otter. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Swiss Camp as it appears when we first arrive. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
This photo was taken by the weather station tower camera atop Iceberg A22a, and transmitted back to researchers. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Victory Glacier, near James Ross Island. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This weather station was deployed by the IceTrek team on Iceberg A22a. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Warmer water washes against the iceberg and causes benches to form. The benches push the iceberg edges upwards; here, a bench floats above the water line and forces ice that used to be underwater into view. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
The traverse team set up this scientific equipment on the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos skies across Scar Inlet in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
Researchers get dropped off on a glacier during the 2009-2010 LARISSA expedition (View photo detail.)
Researchers used this radar sled to study land formations beneath the ice (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer standing atop the tred of a PistenBully. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Mac Cathles enjoying a day of skiing at Scott Base. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Flying into McMurdo Station, an in-flight shot of Northern Victorialand. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
This is one in a series of photos of Pengy the stuffed penguin. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The team right and ready for season two of Megadunes.From left, clockwise: Ted Scambos, Mac Cathles, Rob Bauer, Terry Haran, Makoto Suwa, Zoe Courville. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Mt. Erebus looms over McMurdo Station in Antarctica. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
During the first year of the Antarctic Megadunes expedition, researchers found "pipes" in the hard-packed snow. The pipes start just beneath the surface and go down into the snow. One deep pipe, like the one shown here, was at least 6 feet (1.9 meters) deep. The pipes appear to be cracks that form near the surface of the ice and then freeze over. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Flags led to the Endurance tent from the main camp of the Antarctic Megadunes expedition, to help researchers find their way around in low visibility conditions. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos poses with the GPS/GPR surveying system used during the Antarctic Megadunes expedition. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The Megadunes team underwent training in the Field Safety Training Program at McMurdo Station before relocating to the Megadunes site. Here, the team completes their crevasse rescue training. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos wears goggles and a balaclava to protect his face from the harsh Antarctic weather. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer stands next to a sastrugi in the Megadunes area. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Researchers measure snow/firn grain size, as well as the depth of a snow pit. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
This aerial image of an icefall shows a cliff of ice, formed by a region of rapidly flowing ice. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
This airplane provided to transport the Megadunes team to TAM camp. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
This is one in a series of shots taken of the sastrugi in the Megadunes area.Sastrugi are usually just a foot or so high, but the Megadunes camp region had huge formations, over three feet (one meter) tall. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The Royal Society Range in Antarctica rises to 4000 meters (13,000 feet) at its highest point. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Drifts of snow covered the Megadunes team's Scott tents. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
A group of Adelie penguins trekking across Scott Coast.IImage Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
A better and more close-up view of Mt. Erebus. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos on his snowmobile with Mt. Erebus in the background. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos with the GPS/GPR surveying system, Mount Discovery in the background. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos checks on the GPR/GPS system. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
A group of Adelie penguins trekking down the slope. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The Megadunes expedition camp tents included the Arctic Chief (red) and the PolarHaven (blue). Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer tow the GPS/GPR system to survey the Megadunes area. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The team unload their gear from boxes shipped to TAM camp. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
An in-flight view of the Worcester Range in Antarctica. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer stopping for a picture before taking another run down the slope. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
The crew boarding the C-130 "Spirit of Freedom". Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Scott Coast and the tracks leading up to Scott Base and McMurdo Station. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
All of the gear and the equipment packed up and ready to be shipped out. Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Mac Cathles (left) and Zoe Courville (right) carefully removing the ice core sample from the drill. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
The crew setting up an Automated Weather Station (AWS). Image Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC Megadunes Web site (View photo detail.)
Looking down into the 10-meter ice core sample hole. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Mac Cathles (left) and Makoto Suwa (right) removing the ice core sample from the dune. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
The contents of the case connected to the GPR/GPS, including a running heavy-duty laptop. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
The C-130 aircraft taking off with jet assistance. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Mac Cathles drilling an ice core sample. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Lou Albershardt carefully working with the ice core drill. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Makoto Suwa weighing and taking measurements of the ice core samples. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Mac Cathles measuring the ice core sample in the snow pit. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Makoto Suwa in his science pit. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
This is one in a series of photos of Pengy the stuffed penguin.This photo is of Pengy in one of the snow pits. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer (left) and Terry Haran (right) working on the setup for the Automated Weather Station (AWS). Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
This is one in a series of photos of Pengy the stuffed penguin. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Mac Cathles surfing the snow on his snowmobile.Also pictured: Pengy, the the stuffed penguin. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer melting down snow for the team. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
This is one in a series of photos of sastrugi formed on the dunes. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
This is one in a series of photos of sastrugi formed on the dunes. (View photo detail.)
The flags at the S1 dune. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer standing with the S3N Far Dune Flag, not to be misread as "S8N". Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
The snowmobiles dragging the GPR/GPS system. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
One of several snow pits created during the expedition. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
The WeatherHaven and its surrounding equipment. Welcome! Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos adjusting the GPR/GPS system. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Zoe Courville carefully weighing and measuring smaller samples. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer. (View photo detail.)
Another house on the shore of Tasersuatsiaq (Lake Ferguson). Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A house on the shore of Tasersuatsiaq (Lake Ferguson). Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View from the twin otter out onto the beginnings of the ice sheet. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View from the twin otter out onto the ice sheet: clouds blanket the surface. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View from the twin otter out onto the ice sheet: Jakobshavn glacier can be seen by the flow lines in this photo. Jakobshavn is Greenland's largest outlet glacier and the fastest moving glacier in the world. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
This is all you see wherever you look on the interior of the Greenland ice sheet. Flat and boring as Kansas! Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Large patterns in the ice near Jakobshavn glacier, viewed from the twin otter. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
We land at Swiss Camp and line up all our cargo: can you believe that all fit in the plane?? The yellow boxes are filled with food. The silver boxes are filled with instruments, tools, and wires. The bags are our personal gear. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A close-up of my tent. Inside my tent were bags with all of my gear and a small cot with two sleeping bags. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Our sleeping tents, which we put up after arriving at camp. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Another couple of cargo lines, with Nic in the photo. At the left is the cargo line of our food boxes. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Cargo lines outside Swiss Camp. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Me on a ski-doo before my first ski-doo trip. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
One of our three snow-mobiles, which we called "ski-doos". Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
We all went on a short helicopter ride from Swiss Camp down to the coast near Jakobshavn glacier. Jay Zwally in foreground. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View from the helicopter. Notice all the bright blue rivers and ponds/lakes of melt water that form on the ice sheet down near the coast. The coastal mountains in the distance are near Disko Bay. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View from the helicopter at patterns in the ice sheet and blue melt ponds, near the coast by Jakobshavn glacier. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A close-up shot from the helicopter of one of the huge melt lakes. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View from the helicopter near the coast by Jakobshavn glacier, where the ice becomes very choppy. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A close-up shot from the helicopter of another huge melt lake. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A close-up from the helicopter of the choppy ice near the coast by Jakobshavn glacier. These patterns were almost as deep as a one-story house, I would guess. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
The automatic weather station (AWS) near the coast that we are going to cut down since it has been so difficult to reach by ski-doo over the past few years. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
After taking down the station in the previous photo, we fly back to Swiss Camp. This is a view from the helicopter of camp. Really shows how camp is just a small speck out on the vast Greenland ice sheet. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
We land the helicopter on the ice sheet near the coast by Jakobshavn glacier. The Danish pilot, Karl, is shown tip-toeing over to where we are. There are deep crevasses here to avoid stepping into, some of them possibly hidden under the snow. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
View of Swiss Camp from the helicopter. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A leaning weather station that has slowly started to melt out of the ice in recent years. We have snow-mobiled here (a one-hour trip) to steam-drill a new 6-meter (20-foot) hole and secure the station into it. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Another view of Nic making measurements in the snow (temperature and density profiles) and Koni steam-drilling. The wooden box contains batteries that run the instruments on the weather station. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A snow pit that I dug and analyzed at Swiss Camp. It was one of my primary duties to dig and analyze snow pits at the various sites we visited. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A close-up of the snow pit in the previous photo. At Swiss Camp this year, there were 1.2 meters (3.9 feet) of new snow that had accumulated in the past year that I had to dig through before reaching the hard, frozen ice of the ice sheet below. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Another close-up of the snow pit. You can see the floor of the pit better in this shot where there is darker ice. The yellow strip is a measuring tape. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Close-up of the sled with the propane for the steam drill as we work on clearing snow and ice from around Swiss Camp (Nic is in the background). Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
We begin the difficult task of shoveling all the snow and drilling out all the ice from in front of and around Swiss Camp. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
A close-up of the wall of the snow pit. You can sort of make out some of the bluish layers that I look for when analyzing a pit. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Nic shoveling snow away from around the Swiss Camp tents. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
All done! After two days of work, you can now actually see the wooden platform that Swiss Camp rests on. Hopefully when all of the surrounding snow melts this summer, it will now flow down this platform and away from the tents. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
An even closer close-up of the wall of the snow pit, showing a couple of layers in the snow. These particular kinds of layers form when big snow storms occur with strong winds that cause the snow to compact at what was then the surface. Other layers may be caused by melting and refreezing of snow. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
Our first stop on the southern traverse at the NASA-SE station. Here we are in the snow accumulation region ("dry snow zone") of Greenland where it rarely experiences any melt. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado. (View photo detail.)
While Nic and Russ are off working on the weather station at NASA-SE, I'm digging another snow pit. This one is 2.5 meters (8 feet) deep! At that point, I reached the layer from the previous year's snow surface. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
One of a few last shots from Swiss Camp during our cloudy last days there. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
Another last photo at Swiss Camp. Notice the ring around the sun. These were common during cloudy skies. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
A very nice couple from Montana, Mark and Lou, live at Dye-2 in this small, black tent from April to August every year to maintain the air strip for the U.S. Air National Guard mentioned in the previous photo. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
The last station that we serviced on the southern traverse was at Dye-2, the location of an abandoned U.S. military base, visible in this photo with the white-domed roof. This building used to hold 200+ soldiers in the during the Cold War and was eventually abandoned. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
Another last photo at Swiss Camp. I call this one 'Ode to Shovel Camp'! Given all the shoveling I did on this trip, I thought it deserved its own portrait. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
Another last photo at Swiss Camp. Me on the ice sheet in all my warm gear. Photo by John Maurer, CIRES/NSIDC, University of Colorado.The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 License. (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of an example of rafted nila. Photo Credit: Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
One of several teams aboard the Aurora Australis, being lowered in the basket so that can start their research. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of the Aurora Australis breaking through the sea ice surrounding it, noted to be smooth snow-covered sea ice. Photo Credit: Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
The moon as seen from the Antarctic waters along the ARISE Cruise. Photo Credit: Courtesy Rachel Marsh (View photo detail.)
A view stretching out over the Antarctica sea ice from the bridge. Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An airborne view of the nila breaking away from the smooth snow-covered sea ice. Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The crew heading back aboard the Aurora Australis after a long day of working in the field. Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
During the ARISE Cruise, the team came across several icebergs; this one in particular struck a fancy due to its unusually broken shape, strutting up through the sea ice as a part of the sheet.Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An above view of the edge of the smooth snow-covered sea ice, which broken pieces floating off. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Anthony Petty (View photo detail.)
The "chain gang" hard at work, drilling into the sea ice and taking samples for their research. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Anthony Petty (View photo detail.)
While out in the field, the crew had some feathered bystanders (emperor penguins) watching from an unusually close distance. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An artistic shot taken of the surface of smooth-covered sea ice disappearing into the Antarctic light. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
Along the Antarctic Remote Ice Sensing Experiment (ARISE), the team came across some native Antarctic wildlife; pictured here is the crabeater seal. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An above view of one of the holes drilled to take ice core samples during the research on the sea ice. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Erica Key (View photo detail.)
The team is ready to embark out onto the sea ice for a day of field work. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Along the Antarctic Remote Ice Sensing Experiment (ARISE), the team came across some native Antarctic wildlife; pictured here is the crabeater seal. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Paul Endersby (View photo detail.)
At the end of a work day for the team, all that are left behind are markers and snow-tracks. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Vicky Lytle (View photo detail.)
A few emperor penguins hanging around the camera while the team is hard at work in the field. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
One of several aerial shots taken on the day of the 17th of October from the AS350 Squirrel, specifically a distinctive fracture line through a sheet of sea ice. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
One of the ice floes encountered along the ARISE Cruise. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An ice floe from what seems to be smooth snow-covered ice in its first year. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Erica Key (View photo detail.)
One of the teams aboard the Aurora Australis doing field-work nearby the icebreaker. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Rodney Charles (View photo detail.)
While navigating the Ross Sea, the team came across this unusual cluster of icebergs and pancake ice. This is one of several photos taken. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Heitronics KT-19.82 thermal radiometer, mounted to the port side rail of the Aurora Australis, to measure the skin temperature of the sea ice. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The team is preparing the AWI's self-developed Helicopter EM Sensor for departure on the AS350 Squirrel. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Paul Endersby (View photo detail.)
The research teams often worked through the day and into the night, by the aid of the icebreaker's flood lamps. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Anthony Petty (View photo detail.)
An above view of nila sea ice from the flight on the 3rd day of October. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of the overlapping nila breaking off from the smooth snow-covered sea ice. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
One of several visual examples of pancake ice, otherwise known as cake ice. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of a gathering of Adelie penguins fleeing from the helicopter above them. PhotoCredit: NSIDC Courtesy Anthony Petty (View photo detail.)
A view stretching out over the Antarctica sea ice from the port side. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
A view stretching out over the Antarctica sea ice from the bridge. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The morning sunlight beaming down on the sea ice of Antarctica. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Aurora Australis breaking its way through the sea ice of the Antarctic waters. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Erica Key (View photo detail.)
The Antarctic sunlight illuminating the surface of the sea ice, embossing the fracture lines. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Scott Stark (View photo detail.)
An excellent example of a pressure ridge on sea ice. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Antarctic sunlight illuminating the surface of the sea ice, intensifying the effect of the fracture lines. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Scott Stark (View photo detail.)
With the Aurora Australis at a stand still, the teams on board venture out onto the sea ice surface to do their research projects. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
The AS350 Squirrel (VH-SES) helicopter awaiting its return to the Aurora Australis. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos and Terry Haran hauling their equipment to the ice site, after having transported it off the icebreaker. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Robert Massom (View photo detail.)
A pond formed amidst the surface of the sea ice. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Terry Haran (front) and Ted Scambos (back), hard at work on one of their ice sites. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Robert Massom (View photo detail.)
The research teams aboard the Aurora Australis conducting research out on the sea ice, with some feathered friends in keen observation (left). Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Along the Antarctic Remote Ice Sensing Experiment (ARISE), the team came across some native Antarctic wildlife; pictured here are three emperor penguins. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Towards the end of the ARISE Cruise, the Aurora Australis had navigated its way towards Casey Station, Antarctica, but only got close enough to air-lift the designated team to Casey; it was just another part of the journey for that team. Pictured here is Casey Station. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
While traversing the Ross Sea, the team saw Pennel Bank, shown here. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos, taking a break with the emperor penguins. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of smooth snow-covered sea ice, with fracturing on the surface. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
An airborne view of the overlapping nila blended into the smooth snow-covered sea ice, which an iceberg in the middle. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of smooth snow-covered sea ice, particularly noting the sastrugi on the surface. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
An in-flight view of the overlapping nila. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
An airborne view of the overlapping nila blended into the smooth snow-covered sea ice, which an iceberg at center. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Anthony Petty (View photo detail.)
An airborne view of the overlapping nila shifting into the smooth snow-covered sea ice. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Andi Pfaffling (View photo detail.)
The icebreaker Aurora Australis is patiently awaiting the return of the scientific teams and their equipment. Several stops similar to the one shown here were made along the expedition. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Rachel Marsh (View photo detail.)
The Aurora Australis at a stand-still while the crew spends the day in the field. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
AWI's self-developed Helicopter EM Sensor, seated on its suspension rack. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Andi Pfaffling (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of the helicopter taking data of the sea ice below. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
One of several aerial shots taken from the AS350 Squirrel. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Rob Massom (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of the helicopter taking data of the sea ice below. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Alice O'Connor (View photo detail.)
The team returning from an aerial photo flight. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
One of several aerial shots taken on the day of the 1st of October from the AS350 Squirrel. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Rachel Marsh (View photo detail.)
An airborne view of the Aurora Australis on the way back from an aerial data collection trip. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Andi Pfaffling (View photo detail.)
The AS350 Squirrel (VH-AFO) airborne for floe-hopping. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Tony Worby (View photo detail.)
One of several aerial shots taken from the AS350 Squirrel. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Tony Worby (View photo detail.)
One of several aerial shots taken on the day of the 1st of October from the AS350 Squirrel. Photo Credit: NSIDC Courtesy Vicky Lytle (View photo detail.)
On the third trip out with the helicopter, the team come across an overlapping blend of nila and smooth snow-covered ice, with breakage around the edges, and fracturing on the surface. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Dia de la Antartida de Argentina, or Argentine Antarctic Day, commemorates the day that Argentina purchased Orcadas Base from William Bruce in 1902. The personnel of Marambio Station raise the Argentine flag in commemoration of this day. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer (left) & Ted Scambos (right) take a knee to remember their hike to the edge of AMIGOSberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
While waiting for the weather to clear up to allow the Irizar to reach Marambio Station, the IceTrek crew set up camp near Marambio on Seymour Island. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Esperanza Base in Antarctica is surrounded by mountains. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The helicopter drops off the IceTrek team on Tempanito Iceberg. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The edge of Seymour Island glows in the evening light. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The Irizar sails through the Antarctic waters, with Iceberg A22a in the background. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek team and the crew of the Irizar wave from the deck. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Lindenberg Island lies near Roberston Island off the coast of Trinity Peninsula. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Lindenberg Island lies near the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This walkway leads from the landing pad to the station. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Matienzo Base is situated on the protruding tip of the Antarctic Coast. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The sky sparkles over the ocean near Antarctica. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight view shows Pequod Glacier along the Antarctic Coast. IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek team drove up from Rio Gallegos to Parque Nacional los Glaciares. This is one in a series of photos from Parque Nacional los Glaciares.From Left: Ronald Ross, Jonathan Thom, Rob Bauer, Ted Scambos. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The IceTrek team drove up from Rio Gallegos to Parque Nacional los Glaciares. This is one in a series of photos from Parque Nacional los Glaciares.Pictured: Ronald RossPhoto Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This photo shows glacial retreat on the Antarctic Peninsula. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Snow Hill Island, Antarctica, is almost completely covered in snow. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This shot overlooksthe edge of Seymour Island from Marambio Station. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
The iceberg Tempanito, also called Chip, was the focus of the iceberg test run of the weather equipment. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
This in-flight photo looks across from Vega Island to the Trinity Peninsula and northern end of the Detroit Plateau. Photo Credit: Courtesy Ted Scambos and Rob Bauer, NSIDC IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
Mountains loom over a weather station in Ushuaia. IceTrek Web site (View photo detail.)
John Saunders standing beneath avalanche debris. In Trappers Lake area in the Flat Tops Mountains, near Steamboat Springs, Colorado. Image Credit: Courtesy Lynn French, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Sierra Nevada mountains, CA. Near Mammoth. Backcountry skiing. Image Credit: Courtesy Lynn French, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Surface hoar on snow in the French’s front yard, after big “blizzard.” Longmont, CO. 12/22/06. Image Credit: Courtesy Lynn French, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Tidewater glacier. College Fjord, AK. From ship. 05/27/07 Image Credit: Courtesy Lynn French, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Glacial meltwater. Denali National Park, AK. From the air, small plane. 05/25/07 Image Credit: Courtesy Lynn French, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Mountains and glaciers in Glacier National Park, MT. From the air, small plane. Image Credit: Courtesy Lynn French, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Crevasse in dissipator of Stockje Glacier. Aug. 11, 1894. Photographed by Harry F. Reid. Image Credit: Courtesy NSIDC Glacier Photograph Collection NSIDC Glacier Photograph Collection (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 pilot study Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 pilot study Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 pilot study: snowmobile tracks lead to a hole in the ice. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
Midnight Sun: 1972 AIDJEX pilot study Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX pilot study 1972. Jumpsuit camp from the air. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX pilot study 1972. Twin otter airplane. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX pilot study 1972. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
Twin otter loading during evacuation of AIDJEX camp. Oil drums left as radar target; 1971 AIDJEX pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1972 AIDJEX pilot study. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
Smoke bombs mark CRREL-USGS tellurometer site during NAVOCEANO "Birdseye" overflight 1972 pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1972 AIDJEX pilot study: W.Hibler center right, W.Weeks far right. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1972 AIDJEX pilot study: S.Ackley, W.Weeks Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1972 AIDJEX pilot study: W.campbell center Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1972 AIDJEX pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
Pat Martin, 2 Soviets 1972 AIDJEX pilot study Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
B. Campbell 1972 AIDJEX pilot study Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
The CRREL-USGS group measured mesoscale deformation of sea ice Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1971 AIDJEX pilot study. The University of Washington boundary-layer studies used divers to assemble current-meter masts under the water and to map under-ice topography Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
Tabata 1972 AIDJEX pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
View from beneath of diver descending. (University of Washington boundary-layer studies.) 1971 AIDJEX pilot study Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 Pilot Study: 1972 pilot: calling for helicopter rescue, W.Campbell, unknown, W.Weeks; Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
1971 AIDJEX pilot study: An emissometer was used by CRREL-USGS-AEROJET to measure microwave emissivity of sea ice (Far right W. Campbell) Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 Pilot Study: calling for helicopter rescue, W.Weeks. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 pilot study: Steve Ackley heads for rescue helicopter and dry clothing Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 Pilot Study: Steve Ackley after rescue from snowmobile accident. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 Pilot Study: Steve Ackley waits for helicopter Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
Alan Gill AIDJEX 1972 pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
AIDJEX 1972 pilot study. Pat Martin. Image Credit: NSIDC courtesy Tom Marlar/CRREL AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
The group packs up a dogsled for the journey north. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
Andy Mahoney poses before the dogsled ride north. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
A dog team waits patiently. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A sled dog stands in its harness. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sled dogs are getting excited, getting ready to head north to Siorapaluk. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
This aerial photo was taken on the way north to Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
We look over coastal glaciers to the Greenland ice cap. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
Shari looks out the window as we near Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
This aerial photo was taken while flying over the town of Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
The Sea-Ice Knowledge Exchange team arrives in Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The ice-covered Inglefield Fjord lies in the background behind the town of Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
Dogs guard the houses in Qaanaaq Image courtesy Andy Mahoney. (View photo detail.)
Andy Mahoney cuts frozen seal liver during a break on the journey. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The dogs are off! Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Andy Mahoney tastes some seal liver--it just melts in your mouth! Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A dog team fans out on the ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
We are forced to travel on the ice-foot at the edge of the land due to the thin ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Dawn breaks on a clear day in Siorapaluk. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Siorapaluk, the world's northernmost community, looms in the snow-filled air late in the day. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sun rises over the northernmost cemetery in Siorapaluk. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The dog teams spend the night on the ice in front of town. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Siorapaluk shines on a clear morning, while the sled dogs have a good rest. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Toku and Shari pose during the voyage back to Qaanaaq Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sled teams leave Siorapoluk and head back to Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The dogs are working hard. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Joelie drives Jens's dogs. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The five other dog teams spread out on the return journey. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The dogs roll in the snow to cool off. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Lene, Ilkoo, and Shari pose in the snow. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
One dog takes an interest in the camera. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Illanguau checks the sled before the group sets off again. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Illanguau jumps on the the sled as it goes by.(1/4) Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Illanguau jumps on the the sled as it goes by. (2/4) Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Illanguau jumps on the the sled as it goes by. (4/4) Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Illanguau jumps on the the sled as it goes by. (3/4) Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sled dogs have frosty whiskers from the cold. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Mamarut drives his sled dog team. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A young hunter and his team pass by quickly. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A dogsled team drives across the sea ice, with icebergs in the background. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
These paw prints in the snow were left by sled dogs. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
This paw print was left by a sled dog. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Toku tests the ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A dog team hugs the coast to avoid the wide expanse of water and thin ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Icebergs appear in a mirage. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Andy Mahoney poses on sea ice with open water behind him. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sun gets lower on the journey back to Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A man breaks off a chunk of frozen halibut. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The team takes a last break before home. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Joelie and Igah drive their sled dog team, on loan from Jens, the mayor of Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The whole team (except the dogs) poses for a group photo. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The shadows get longer as they near Qaanaaq. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Shari takes a turn at driving Toku's team. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A large iceberg sits still in the evening light. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
It gets dark slowly at 77N. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Shari gets used to the Greenlandic style of whip. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Icebergs lie ahead of the dogsled team. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Qaanaaq comes within view of the dogsled teams. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Raven has left its prints in the snow. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
This thin sea ice has buckled Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A jumble of ice was caused by large rocks and the tide in shallow water below. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A wind-polished iceberg is frozen into the sea ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Qaanaaq is visible as dusk approaches. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
An iceberg is frozen into sea ice near the Greenland coast.. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Consolidated pancake ice off the coast of Greenland. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sun sets behind icebergs. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sun sets and moon rises behind icebergs and sea ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Wind and snow play among the icebergs. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Sunset over sea ice and icebergs. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
The sun sets over the northernmost football field, set up on the sea ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
A gibbous moon glows over the ice. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Sled dog puppies frolic in the snow. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
This puppy is on a mission. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Tide cracks in the sea ice around grounded icebergs; the trail made by the front loader used to collect glacier ice for melting runs through the middle. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
On the way back to Thule Airforce Base. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
These glaciers now provide the over-land route between Qaanaaq and Thule Airforce Base (Pituffik). Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Open water is visible at the mouth of Inglefield Fjord. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
These glaciers used to terminate in the sea; now that they terminate on land, it makes traveling by land via dogsled even more difficult. Image courtesy Andy Mahoney (View photo detail.)
Scientists preparing to collect CLPX data for the first Intensive Observation Period (IOP1) near Buffalo Pass, Colorado USA on 24 February 2002. For more information on the field experiment, see the CLPX Exeriment Web site. (View photo detail.)
Photo of the Rocky Mountains taken from Michigan River during CLPX. 21 February, 2002. For more information, see the CLPX Web site. (View photo detail.)
A scientist takes snow pit measurements during the 2002 Cold Land Processes Field Experiment (CLPX). 22 February, 2002. CLPX Web site (View photo detail.)
Research tower used in the 2002 Cold Land Process Field Experiment. CLPX Web site (View photo detail.)
Scientists check on a weather station during the 2002 Cold Land Processes Field Experiment. CLPX Web site (View photo detail.)
Tower used to collect data during the 2002 Cold Land Processes Field Experiment. CLPX Web site (View photo detail.)
Map showing the study areas from the Cold Land Processes Field Experiment. CLPX Web site (View photo detail.)
12-month average probability of occurrence of sea ice extent frequency from 1978-2005 from the Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid Weekly Snow Cover and Sea Ice Extent Version 3 data set. NSIDC EASE-Grid Web Site (View photo detail.)
Snow extent, sea ice concentration, and age layers for the Northern Hemisphere for 03 February 2002 from the Near Real-Time SSM/I EASE-Grid Daily Global Ice Concentration and Snow Extent data set. EASE-Grid Web site/url"> (View photo detail.)
Extensive snow dunes wrinkle the surface of large parts of East and West Antarctica. The dunes are up to 100 kilometers long and separated by 2 to 4 kilometers, but only a few meters high. Comparison of modern satellite images with images acquired four decades earlier reveals that the dunes are nearly motionless. (View photo detail.)
Researchers start to dig a snow pit. From left to right: Drew Slater,Matthew Sturm, and Steph Saari Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Ravens are a common sight in Alaska. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Researchers discuss plans during the 2009 SnowNet project. From left to right: Matthew Sturm, Drew Slater, and Sveta Berezovskaya Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The Brooks Range glows purple in the twilight. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze digs a deep snow pit. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew takes a turn in the pit. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The sun sets in Toolik, Alaska. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew & Drew work the monster snow pit. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The snow pit looks deep when you're standing at the bottom. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
MC Serreze stands atop Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Researchers head into the Brooks Range by snowmobile. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Snow Guru Matthew Sturm poses atop Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater practices his lecturing skills. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm carves snow blocks in Barrow. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze drills holes in the ice. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The SnowNet team found polar bear tracks. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze surveys the sea ice in Barrow, AK. Image courtesy Mark Serreze, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm and Mark Serreze look at their equipment. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The Yukon River is marked by a road sign. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists get out of their vehicles to check out Atigun Pass. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Dirt and grime has built up on a car wheel after driving on unpaved snowy roads. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
This view shows the SnowNet project research area in 2009. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mud-icicles can form while driving on unpaved snowy roads. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm and another scientist set up gear for the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The sun sets in Toolik during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze try to remove the road grime off the snowmobiles so they can be used. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientist speeds off to the research site on snowmobiles. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater poses in his powder blue parka, during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze poses during the 2009 SnowNet project in Alaska. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists take a much needed break during the 2009 SnowNet project. From left to right: Sveta Berezovskaya, Matthew Sturm, and Mark Serreze Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm and Steph Saari start digging at the SnowNet research site. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm and Mark Serreze set up magna-probes to measure snow depth. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Steph Saari from CRREL snowshoes with equipment. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze and Sveta Berezovskaya set up magna-probes during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Ptarmigans leave distinctive tracks in the snow. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze digs a snow pit during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze works in the field during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze rests after finally reaching the bottom of a snow pit. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm photographs snow layers in a snow pit during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze weighs snow during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze, Matthew Sturm, and another scientist look over some data. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Tom Douglas and Steph Saari work together to get a core sample. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Tom Douglas shows off the SIPRE corer, during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
These fluffy dendritic snow crystals were photographed during SnowNet 2009. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm examines a sample during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Tom Douglas remove a core sample. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater shows the organic and frozen active layer in a permafrost core. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Equipment lined up in front of a long magna-probe line. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists ride a snowmobile. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists stand next to LIDAR rig. From left to right: Christopher Hiemstra, Matthew Sturm, and Art Gelvin Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm examines a sample. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater poses in the powder blue parka that he was issued for the SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm can dig, analyze and book a snow pit in record time. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm scrapes to get a sample. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The snow pit kit. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze snowshoes en route to a personal best of 3001 probe points. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater conducts a near-IR photography session. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Researchers pulled the LIDAR rig on this SnowStar Sled. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
This LIDAR rig was used during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Art Gelvin works on equipment during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Toolik Field Station is marked by this brighly colored sign. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists stayed in this dorm during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze cruises on a snowmobile. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Toolik Field Station. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Toolik Camp sign. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Chris Hiemstra prepares to take a GPS measurement. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists stand ready to ride away on snowmobiles. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm and Art Gelvin remove equipment from the SnowStar. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm hangs out on a hillside in Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Snowmobiles wait at the bottom of a hill. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Christopher Hiemstra photographs some data. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm poses on a frozen lake during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists hike the side of the Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm looks out over the Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientist rejoices at the top of Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm rides a snowmobile. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Christopher Hiemstra hikes on Atigun Gorge. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm rides off on a snowmobile. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Caribou pass by on frozen tundra. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
A group of researchers take a hike during the 2009 SnowNet project, Alaska. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm and Christopher Hiemstra pose during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater hikes during the 2009 snownet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Christopher Hiemstra checks out a shed. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
From left to rightArt Gelvin - CRRELMatthew Sturm - CRREL (Team Lead)Sveta Berezovskaya - WERC, Univ. Alaska @ Fairbanks (UAF)Christopher Hiemstra - CIRA, Colorado State Univ Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
From left to right: Christopher Hiemstra, Mark Serreze, Sveta Berezovskaya, and Art Gelvin Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm carefully examines the area and collects data. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Team Magna-Probe. From left to right: Art Gelvin - CRREL; Matthew Sturm - CRREL (Team Lead); Sveta Berezovskaya - WERC, Univ. Alaska @ Fairbanks (UAF); Christopher Hiemstra - CIRA, Colorado State Univ Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
From left to right: Matthew Sturm, Sveta Berezovskaya, Art Gelvin, and Christopher Hiemstra Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew and Sveta make a probe strategy. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Magna-probe equipment awaits use during the 2009 SnowNet project. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew discusses sublimation & evaporation with Christopher. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Drew Slater gets ready to conduct magna-probe measurements. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Scientists pack up the gear for the night. From left to right: Art Gelvin, Matthew Sturm, Sveta Berezovskaya, and Christopher Hiemstra Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Matthew Sturm watches Sveta Berezovskaya and Christopher Hiemstra pack up the gear (Names are in order from left to right) Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Sveta Berezovskaya drives through the Arctic. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
There are very few towns and service stations along the Dalton Highway in Alaska. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Much of northern Alaska is covered in boreal forest and tundra. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
The Alaska pipeline transports crude oil from the North Slope of Alaska to Valdez. Image courtesy Andrew Slater, NSIDC. (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos smiles from the driver's seat of one of the traverse vehicles. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted pretends to surf on a sastrugi, a snow formation caused by strong winds. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos waits at the Antarctica terminal. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers disembark at McMurdo Station in Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
A traverse member poses on a ridge above McMurdo Station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The hut built by the Scott expedition to Antarctica is located near McMurdo Station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This memorial sits on a hill above McMurdo Station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This memorial sits on a hill above McMurdo Station in Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
McMurdo Station is located on the southern tip of Ross Island, on McMurdo Sound in Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The team prepares a vehicle for the U.S.-Norway Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Mount Erebus is located on Ross Island, towering above McMurdo Station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
McMurdo Station sits on Ross Island, on McMurdo Bay in Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos poses on a ridge above McMurdo Station, before the start of the U.S.-Norway Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This LC-139 Hercules took the 2008-2009 U.S.-Norway Traverse team from McMurdo Station to the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos and the traverse team arrive at the South Pole, for the beginning of the U.S.-Norway Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
During the flight from McMurdo Station to the South Pole, the team had some great views of the ice sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This mountain range in Antarctica was photographed from the air during the flight from McMurdo Station to the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Norwegian-U.S. Traverse team disembarks from the LC-139 Hercules at the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This Antarctic ice stream carries ice off the ice sheet towards the ocean. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Antarctica is covered with ice--much of it in the form of glaciers and ice streams. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The sun shines 24 hours a day during summer at the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The newly-built South Pole Station, replaced the old station, a large dome. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The U.S.-Norway Traverse of East Antarctica used large, specially designed vehicles to drive slowly across the ice sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
U.S.-Norway Traverse of East Antarctica used large, specially designed vehicles to drive slowly across the ice sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The South Pole station houses a number of vehicles, including this tractor. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The truck cab of one of the traverse vehicles is popped up to show the engine that will power across East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The lead vehicle in the U.S.-Norway Traverse of East Antarctica used this extendable radar to monitor the ice sheet for hidden crevasses. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This shack housed science equipment and experimenters during the traverse. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
One of the traverse vehicles prepares for the journey at the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The ceremonial South Pole is marked by flags and a pole. The real South Pole is a few hundred feet away. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The geographic South Pole is located a few hundred yards away from the ceremonial South Pole, which is closer to the station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Much of the equipment brought to the south pole by researchers ends up staying there. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The traverse cabin waits for the start of the expedition at the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The new South Pole station recently opened, replacing the older dome-shaped station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
South Pole station looks tiny when viewed from a distance. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The old South Pole Station still serves as a storage area. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
South Pole station sits on stilts to keep it from getting buried in drifting snow. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Someone set up a Christmas tree at the South Pole. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers enjoy a moment in the sun during the traverse. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Antarctic Ice Sheet is the largest mass of ice on Earth. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Norwegian-U.S. Traverse of East Antarctica traveled across the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to study climate and snow. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The U.S.-Norway Traverse of East Antarctica traveled in a caravan of specially-designed vehicles for working and living. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Norwegian-U.S. traverse team comes across tracks in the snow. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This radar was used for locating crevasses in the ice sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos takes measurements during the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos takes measurements during the U.S.-Norway Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers set up a weather measurement station during the U.S.-Norway Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This snow pit shows a crack in the ice, hidden by fresh snow. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This view of the Antarctic Ice Sheet remained unchanged during much of the traverse. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researcher sets up equipment during the U.S.-Norway Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers saw Sastrugi such as this one during the traverse. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This traverse vehicle has a radar for sensing crevasses. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers stop to check out the snow during the traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Traverse vehicles travel across the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The traverse team runs into a group of skiers racing across the Antarctic Ice Sheet (View photo detail.)
The traverse team runs into a group of skiers racing across the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Skiers continue on their race across the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This support truck followed the ski race across Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
An airplane waits to pick up the skiers at the end of their race across the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Scientists dig a snow pit during the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Scientists examine equipment during the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Wood braces stabilize a snow pit on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Scientists set up these measurement devices during the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researcher works on equipment during the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This was the first sunset that the traverse team saw over the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This was the first sun set that the traverse team saw over the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
After weeks of 24-hour sunshine, the team sees their first sunset in Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers enjoyed a rare moment of fresh air on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The traverse team came across an abandoned research station on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers take a snow core on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers take a snow core on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (View photo detail.)
A wind break protects the researchers from harsh wind while setting up measurements on the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
A scientist stands in a snow pit on the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
A storm brought blowing snow and low visibility to the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Scientists lower equipment into a snow pit. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Scientists lower equipment into a snow pit (View photo detail.)
Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers take a break in the sun during the Norwegian-U.S. Scientific Traverse of East Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The traverse ended at Troll Station, near these mountains. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Troll Station in Antarctica was the end of the traverse. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers smile, happy to have reached their destination, Troll Station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos smiles, with the Antarctic sunset in the background. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos poses in front of rocks protruding from the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The traverse team meets a Russian ship to load their equipment for transport back to the mainland. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Troll Station is the Norwegian Antarctic research station where the traverse ended. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
A researcher hauls a snow core from the traverse vehicles to the ship that will take it back to laboratory. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Researchers on the Norwegian-U.S. Traverse of East Antarctic celebrate after reaching their destination. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
This sign post shows the direction and distance of the North and South Poles, Tromso, Norway, and other cities. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos smiles after a successful field season in Antarctica. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Troll Station is the Norwegian Antarctic research station. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Norwegian-U.S. Traverse team, 2008-2009. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The team celebrates after reaching Troll Station, the end of the traverse. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
The Norwegian-U.S. Traverse team, 2008-2009 (View photo detail.)
The Norwegian-U.S. Traverse team, 2008-2009 Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Traverse vehicles wait at Troll Station, the end of the trip. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
Renne, one of the traverse cabins, was named for a famous sled dog. Image Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC (View photo detail.)
W. Weeks 1972 AIDJEX pilot study. Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center AIDJEX Web site (View photo detail.)
The Operation IceBridge mission, initiated in 2009, collects airborne remote sensing measurements to bridge the gap between NASA's Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat-I) mission and the upcoming ICESat-II mission. This photo was taken over the Patagonian ice fields, on November 23, 2009. (View photo detail.)
Erin Pettit (UAF) digs a snowpit during the LARISSA expedition in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
A scientist works on the radar sled during the LARISSA expedition in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
Terry Haran takes a break from setting up AMIGOS stations to pose for the camera. (View photo detail.)
Rob Bauer (left) and Ted Scambos operate the radar sled during the 2009-2010 LARISSA expedition (View photo detail.)
This sled carried kitchen gear and tents for camping on the glacier (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos (left) and Rob Bauer pose on the Antarctic Peninsula (View photo detail.)
This white dome covers researchers at an ice coring site in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
Two members of the LARISSA team film an ice fracture in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
Multiple storms delayed the LARISSA glaciology team and trapped them in tents at their research sites (View photo detail.)
Yellow tent in the snow (View photo detail.)
Following a storm, the tents were buried in snow. (View photo detail.)
This aerial view looks down on Scar Inlet, on the Melville Coast in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
The moon rises over an evening icescape in Antarctica (View photo detail.)
The team camped in three tents. (View photo detail.)
Steep mountains rise out of the ice sheet in Graham Land, Antarctica. (View photo detail.)
Ted Scambos digs a snow pit in Antarctica. (View photo detail.)
Erin Pettit (left) and Rob Bauer (right) operate the radar sled during the 2009/2010 LARISSA expedition (View photo detail.)
The team was stuck in the tent for 2 weeks while a storm prevented the airplane from landing. (View photo detail.)
Mountains and ice rise above Barilari Bay, Antarctica (View photo detail.)
Snowmobiles head north along the Dalton Highway towards the North Slope, for the 2011 Arctic Observing Network field season. (View photo detail.)
The sun sets over field camp during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) fieldwork. (View photo detail.)
The Alaska Pipeline transports oil 800 miles from the North Slope to Valdez, Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze (left) and Matthew Sturm collect data on snow cover during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze measures snow depth during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project (View photo detail.)
NSIDC researcher Andrew Slater prepares to travel by snowmobile during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project. (View photo detail.)
Researchers consult their notes during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze consults plans during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Parsons sets up a weather station during the the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Researchers set up research equipment during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Researchers Matthew Sturm (left) and Mark Serreze examine layers in a snow pit during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Parsons digs a snow pit to examine the properties of snow cover during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Parsons sets up research equipment during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze measures snow depth during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Andrew Slater poses with a snowmobile during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
An Arctic researcher and his snowmobile during the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Mark Serreze measures snow depthduring the 2011 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Prayer flags flutter in the wind just outside the village of Burje, the home base of Gearheard and colleagues during their stay in Tsum Valley, Nepal. Credit: Shari Gearheard (View photo detail.)
In Nepal in February 2012, Nunavummiut from Clyde River pose with the Nunavut flag and their local hosts and new friends (from left, Liemikie Palluq, Shari Gearheard, Dhawa Lama, David Iqaqrialu, Jiikemay Thenlay Lama and Mike Jaypoody). Credit: Henry Huntington (View photo detail.)
Clyde River filmmaker Mike Jaypoody films in the scenic Tsum Valley, Nepal. Credit: Shari Gearheard (View photo detail.)
A view of the Brooks mountain range on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
A sled of equipment awaits the team outside the silver bullet shelter on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
NSIDC graduate student Allison Hurley sampling snow depth on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
Kelley Elder of the U.S. Forest Service takes snow samples on the tundra near the Brooks mountain range during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
Kelley Elder of the U.S. Forest Service examining depthoar crystals on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
CRREL’s Matt Sturm and team examining snow crystals on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
Kelley Elder of the U.S. Forest Service with a fully loaded sled of equipment on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
Matt Sturm of the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) examining snowpack stratigraphy in a snow pit on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 Snownet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
NSIDC Drew Slater and team examining snow crystals on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 SnowNet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
Kelley Elder of the U.S. Forest Service and Matt Sturm of the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) examining snow crystals in a snow pit on the northern slope of Alaska during the 2012 Snownet expedition. --Credit: NSIDC, Mark Serreze (View photo detail.)
The station members of NP-30, one of the last Russian North Pole Stations, gather for a photograph during the closing ceremony. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Similar to the opening ceremonies, the closing ceremonies also involved firing guns and rifles. This ceremony commemorates the closing of North Pole Station 25. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Part of the opening ceremonies involved the firing of guns and rifles. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
The station members of NP-25 gather for a final photograph during the closing ceremony. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
An aerial view of NP-6. The small building in the foreground is the diesel power station. The big building to the right is the ward room (marine terminology was used on the North Pole stations). The ward room was a dining room and recreation room, with billiards, ping-pong, movies, and a meeting room. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Tents at NP-1 served as both living and working areas. On subsequent stations, however, such as that pictured here, tents were used mainly for supply storage. Plywood was used for buildings that housed people and laboratories. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
A biplane landing near an iceberg, off the Laptev Sea. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Recreation could include climbing the large ridges and hummocks on the ice station floe. These often reached 10 meters in height. During excursions like this, one of the men would typically carry a rifle for protection against polar bears. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Cables leading to the meteorology laboratory at NP-21 supply electricity from a diesel generator. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Two station members walking through the base camp of the high-latitude Sever expedition at Zhokov Island. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
As a rule, each North Pole camp served as the base camp for the activity of the high-latitude Sever ("North" in Russian) airborne data collecting expeditions. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
The main airplane, Ilyushin 14 (IL-14) used for transporting personnel and cargo. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Harsh and extreme arctic conditions required special considerations when trying to build any type of structure. Heavy machinery was used to construct and maintain the runways that allowed planes to deliver supplies. When not used for runways, tractors such as this one would be used for other construction around the camp. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Generators running on diesel fuel provided enough electricity to keep the camp well lit through the long arctic winter. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Sunset at a North Pole station. The large antennae are for studying ionospheric processes. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Even if materials didn't need to be housed within a building, storing them outside also posed difficulties. Supplies were stacked on fuel barrels to elevate them above the snow and to protect them from melt water during summer. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Around some buildings in the summertime, "pedestaling" occurs because structures shade the ice and snow beneath from the sun's heat. Each subsequent summer adds to the height of the pedestal. This building on NP-22 reached 5 meters in height after seven years. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Although summers posed the hazards of melt water, the winters posed problems with deeply drifting snow. In winter, windblown snow had to be cleared from the entrance of this aerological (radiosounding) hut. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Most of the time, the only way to deliver supplies to the North Pole stations was by plane. Weather conditions in the sky could be just as harsh and extreme as conditions on the ground. Here, a biplane is grounded after an accident near the Kara Sea in 1981. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Due to changes in the ice floe surface, it was not uncommon for camps to relocate to more stable ground. This photograph was taken during the rebuilding of the camp NP-22 in 1980. Aluminum tent poles are at the right, and an overturned boat is at the left. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
"Pedestaling" occurs in summer because structures shade the ice and snow beneath from the sun's heat. Although this supply bag offers an example on a small scale, pedestaling frequently occurred around buildings and large structures. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
A small lead (or crack in the ice) has opened in the foreground. New leads, which form under wind stress when the ice diverges, were a constant threat to the camps. Camps often had to be relocated due to the sudden appearance of an ice lead through the middle of the camp (unless the crack appeared during summer and was simply a melt channel). Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
During summer, moving around camp became difficult, as melting snow formed large puddles (melt ponds) and channels everywhere. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Here, melt ponds encroach on many of the buildings in the camp. Sometimes, inflatable boats were used for transportation. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
One of the primary purposes of the drifting stations was to collect all possible meteorological data while on the ice floe. This involved installing, calibrating, and maintaining the instruments. Here, researcher German Maximov conducts a routine calibration of a pyranometer (in the large tube). Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
When a pond melts, a whirlpool forms, emptying the pond in minutes. This photograph of a melt pond whirlpool is from NP-6. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
During summer, melt ponds posed hazards to the camp. Here, a station member rows an inflatable raft in a melt pond that has formed in the middle of the camp at NP-6. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
German Maximov collecting the measurement of direct solar radiation. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
A lone station member taking snow line (snow survey) measurements. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Determining instrument location by theodolite. A theodolite is a high-precision surveying instrument. Because the ice floes rotated and changed in topography as they drifted, undergoing freezing and thawing, station members needed to regularly determine the position of the instruments relative to each other and to North. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Two station members traverse the snow survey line measuring snow density by weight. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Notice the granular structure of this ice, and how large the grains are. The ruler is marked in centimeters. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Dogs provided companionship and entertainment for people living in the station camp, and they also alerted the camp when polar bears were present. Here, dogs are approaching a polar bear as it emerges from a lead (crack) in the ice. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Here the dogs investigate the polar bear as the polar bear retreats. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
The three dogs try to prevent the polar bear from coming out of the water, but the bear moves quickly and escapes into the icy terrain. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Beyond the ridges of ice, dogs chase the polar bear, ensuring that it does not approach the camp. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
This station member was just climbing around on the ridges and hummocks of the ice floe, but, like all who ventured away from camp, he carried a rifle for protection from polar bears. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Station members were responsible for recording measurements from a variety of different instruments. Shown here is an array of meteorological instruments at NP-21. From left are the instrument for solar radiation measurement (pyranometer, albedometer, actinometer and balancemeter), the shelter housing thermometers for air temperature and humidity and the hair hygrometer, the precipitation gauge (Tetrakov type), and the anemometer, which is mounted on a mast at 10 meters. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
A closer view of the instrument array at NP-21. The camp buildings in the background are just visible through the blowing snow. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Not all of the ice phenomena on the ice floes were naturally occurring. Station members sometimes made the most of their surroundings, witnessed in this polar bear made of snow. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Instrument masts were insulated using mounds of hay to help keep them upright and prevent the snow from melting out from around them. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
When the anchors were not insulated, the snow melted out from around the mast bases, causing them to topple. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
A close-up view of a pyranometer, which measures diffuse solar radiation. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
A radio-sounding locator antenna. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
This meteorological instrument box is at the standard height of two meters above the surface. Image credit: EWG (View photo detail.)
An IVO device for measuring the base height of cloud cover. IVO is the Russian abbreviation for this instrument. Image credit: EWG. (View photo detail.)
Researchers prepare to travel with their instruments using snowmobiles and sleds during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Part of Brooks Range rises over the distance. (View photo detail.)
Researchers pose next to their snowmobiles during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska's North Slope. (View photo detail.)
A propeller plane is on standby during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) fieldwork in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Field camp crew check the research plane on standby during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) fieldwork in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
NSIDC Director Mark Serreze poses on the Arctic tundra, during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project. (View photo detail.)
Researchers measure snow depth during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Snowshoes are indispensable when setting up instruments to measure snow cover during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) fieldwork in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
A researcher measures snow depth during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska's North Slope. (View photo detail.)
Brooks Range provides a backdrop for instruments used in snow cover measurement during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) fieldwork in Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Researchers prepare their snowmobiles during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) field project in Alaska's North Slope. (View photo detail.)
Sastrugi, sharp irregular grooves or ridges formed on a snow surface by wind erosion, are seen here next to snowmobile tracks during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in the North Slope of Alaska. (View photo detail.)
Snowmobiles stand by at field camp during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project in Alaska's North Slope. (View photo detail.)
A researcher's winter gloves provide a sense of scale to sastrugi, sharp irregular grooves or ridges formed on a snow surface by wind erosion, seen during the 2013 Arctic Observing Network (Snownet) project. (View photo detail.)
Cold winds blowing snow into the Crane Glacier drainage basin during the LARISSA 2013 Project. Above are standing wave lenticular clouds, similar to those seen in Colorado’s Front Range. The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA) Project is a large, interdisciplinary, multi-institute study to explore every aspect of the deteriorating Larsen Ice Shelf region in Antarctica. Participating researchers set up instruments on the glaciers that feed into the remaining portion of the Larsen ice shelf. As changes occur on the ice, the stations will record it in data and pictures. (Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC) Read the expedition blog on http://iceshelf.wordpress.com. (View photo detail.)
Researchers fly over Crane Glacier to look for an area to set up their instruments and an Extreme Ice Survey camera, during the 2013 LARISSA expedition. The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA) Project is a large, interdisciplinary, multi-institute study to explore every aspect of the deteriorating Larsen Ice Shelf region in Antarctica. Participating researchers set up instruments on the glaciers that feed into the remaining portion of the Larsen ice shelf. As changes occur on the ice, the stations will record it in data and pictures. (Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC) Read the expedition blog on http://iceshelf.wordpress.com. (View photo detail.)
The calving front of Crane Glacier is 6 kilometers wide. Note the glacier trim line of past glacier levels on the far side. The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA) Project is a large, interdisciplinary, multi-institute study to explore every aspect of the deteriorating Larsen Ice Shelf region in Antarctica. Participating researchers set up instruments on the glaciers that feed into the remaining portion of the Larsen ice shelf. As changes occur on the ice, the stations will record it in data and pictures. (Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC) Read the expedition blog on http://iceshelf.wordpress.com. (View photo detail.)
Youdong Cho, mountaineer and Won Sang Lee, geophysicist, look over the outcrop of rock selected for a planned later deployment of the seismic instrumentation and the Extreme Ice Survey camera during the 2013 LARISSA Project. The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA) Project is a large, interdisciplinary, multi-institute study to explore every aspect of the deteriorating Larsen Ice Shelf region in Antarctica. Participating researchers set up instruments on the glaciers that feed into the remaining portion of the Larsen ice shelf. As changes occur on the ice, the stations will record it in data and pictures. (Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC) Read the expedition blog on http://iceshelf.wordpress.com. (View photo detail.)
Erin Pettit, Ronald Ross, and Suk Young Yun wait for a helicopter load at Spring Point during the 2013 LARISSA Project. The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA) Project is a large, interdisciplinary, multi-institute study to explore every aspect of the deteriorating Larsen Ice Shelf region in Antarctica. Participating researchers set up instruments on the glaciers that feed into the remaining portion of the Larsen ice shelf. As changes occur on the ice, the stations will record it in data and pictures. (Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC) Read the expedition blog on http://iceshelf.wordpress.com. (View photo detail.)
Suk Young Yun and Won Sang Lee wait for a helicopter load at Spring Point during the 2013 LARISSA Project. The Larsen Ice Shelf System, Antarctica (LARISSA) Project is a large, interdisciplinary, multi-institute study to explore every aspect of the deteriorating Larsen Ice Shelf region in Antarctica. Participating researchers set up instruments on the glaciers that feed into the remaining portion of the Larsen ice shelf. As changes occur on the ice, the stations will record it in data and pictures. (Credit: Ted Scambos, NSIDC) Read the expedition blog on http://iceshelf.wordpress.com. (View photo detail.)
Tim Schaefer slakes his thirst with ice chopped from an exposed ice layer at a thermokarst feature on August 19, 2012 near Toolik Lake, Alaska. (Credit: Kevin Schaefer, NSIDC) (View photo detail.)
Driving the Dalton Highway on August 15, 2012 becomes difficult as visibility drops to zero on Atigun Pass in the Brooks Range, Alaska. (Credit: Kevin Schaefer, NSIDC) (View photo detail.)
Lin Liu and Alessio Gusmeroli dig into a small pingo south of Deadhorse, Alaska on August 17, 2012. (Credit: Tingjun Zhang, NSIDC) (View photo detail.)
This picture taken on July 13, 2009 shows a typical borehole after collecting a permafrost core sample. The ice and soil shavings that result from the auger bit used to drill the core sample have a look and consistency of wet concrete (Credit: Kevin Schaefer, NSIDC). (View photo detail.)
On the 2009 trip to drill permafrost samples, the researchers’ truck was so loaded with equipment that retrieving anything required a headlong dive into the back. Here, Standford University scientist Lin Liu dives into the truck to retrieve his toothbrush in the morning. (Credit: Kevin Schaefer, NSIDC) (View photo detail.)
Standford University scientist Lin Liu and research volunteer Tim Schaefer are attempting to remove a drill bit that accidently froze into the permafrost at a site just south of Deadhorse, Alaska on July 11, 2009. The researchers spent eight hours chipping the drill bit out of the permafrost using a crowbar, pry bar, and a hammer (Credit: Kevin Schaefer, NSIDC) (View photo detail.)
A herd of several thousand caribou stalled our progress as they crossed the Dalton highway near Deadhorse, Alaska on July 12, 2009. (Credit: Tingjun Zhang, NSIDC) (View photo detail.)
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