2026-05-13T10:41:55Zhttp://nsidc.org/api/dataset/metadata/oai

oai:nsidc.org/IDBMG4.0032026-05-05T20:16:04Zcumulusecsretirednasa_nsidc_daac

IDBMG4.003IceBridge BedMachine GreenlandMorlighem, M. et alIceBridge BedMachine Greenland2017-09-25Boulder, Colorado USANASA NSIDC DAAC: NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center3false10.5067/2CIX82HUV88Yhttps://nsidc.org/sites/default/files/idbmg4-v003-userguide.pdfIDBMG4Morlighem, M., Williams, C., Rignot, E., An, L., Arndt, J. E., Bamber, J. L., Catania, G., Chauché, N., Dowdeswell, J. A., Dorschel, B., Fenty, I., Hogan, K., Howat, I., Hubbard, A., Jakobsson, M., Jordan, T. M., Kjeldsen, K. K., Millan, R., Mayer, L., Mouginot, J., Noël, B., O'Cofaigh, C., Palmer, S. J., Rysgaard, S., Seroussi, H., Siegert, M. J., Slabon, P., Straneo, F., van den Broeke, M. R., Weinrebe, W., Wood, M. & Zinglersen, K.2017Geophysical Research Letters44<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074954 ">https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074954 </a>Literature CitationInvestigatorMathieuMorlighemTechnical ContactNSIDCUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

BoulderCO80309-0449USAEARTH SCIENCEOCEANSBATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHYBATHYMETRY EARTH SCIENCELAND SURFACETOPOGRAPHYTERRAIN ELEVATIONBED ELEVATION EARTH SCIENCECLIMATE INDICATORSCRYOSPHERIC INDICATORSGLACIAL MEASUREMENTSGLACIER/ICE SHEET THICKNESS EARTH SCIENCELAND SURFACETOPOGRAPHYTERRAIN ELEVATION ElevationGeoscientific InformationIB Derived Products-project IceBridge-projectMCoRDSMultichannel Coherent Radar Depth SounderDC-8Douglas DC-8P-3BLockheed P-3B Orion1993-01-012016-12-31deprecated6090-8010CONTINENTNORTH AMERICAGREENLAND150 m150 mThese data are freely, openly, and fully accessible, provided that you are logged into your NASA Earthdata profile (https://urs.earthdata.nasa.gov/).These data are freely, openly, and fully available to use without restrictions, provided that you cite the data according to the recommended citation at https://nsidc.org/about/use_copyright.html. For more information on the NASA EOSDIS Data Use Policy, see https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/data-use-policy.EnglishUC-IRVINE/PHYSSCI/ESSNASA NSIDC DAACNASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Centerhttps://nsidc.org/daacData Center ContactNSIDCUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-6199

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

BoulderCO80309-0449USAHTTPSnetCDF-4Chauché, N., A. Hubbard, J.-C. Gascard, J. E. Box, R. Bates, M. Koppes, A. Sole, P. Christoffersen, and H. Patton. 2014). Ice-ocean interaction and calving front morphology at two west Greenland tidewater outlet glaciers, Cryosphere, 8(4):1457–1468, doi:10.5194/tc-8-1457-2014. Christensen, E. L., et al. 2000. A low-cost glacier-mapping system, Journal of Glaciology, 46:531. Dowdeswell, J. A., K. A. Hogan, C. O'Cofaigh, E. M. G. Fugelli, J. Evans, and R. Noormets. 2014. Late Quaternary ice flow in a West Greenland fjord and cross- shelf trough system: submarine landforms from Rink Isbrae to Uummannaq shelf and slope, Quat. Sci. Rev., 92(SI), 292–309. Dowdeswell, J. A., C. L. Batchelor, K. A. Hogan, and H. W. Schenke. 2016. Atlas of Submarine Glacial Landforms: Modern, Quaternary and Ancient, vol. 46, chap. Nord- vestfjord: a major East Greenland fjord system, pp. 43–44, Geological Society, London, Memoirs, doi:10.1144/M46.40. Ettema, J. et al. 2009. Higher surface mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet revealed by high-resolution climate modeling. Geophysical Research Letters, 36:1–5. Holland, D., R. Thomas, B. De Young, M. Ribergaard, and B. Lyberth. 2008. Acceleration of Jakobshavn Isbrae triggered by warm subsurface ocean waters, Nat. Geosci., 1(10), 659–664, doi:10.1038/ngeo316. Howat, I.M., A. Negrete, B.E. Smith. 2014. The Greenland Ice Mapping Project (GIMP) land classification and surface elevation data sets, The Cryosphere, 8:1509-1518, doi:10.5194/tc-8-1509-2014. Jakobsson, M., et al. 2012. The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) Version 3.0, Geophysical Research Letters, 39(12), doi: 10.1029/2012GL052219. Khan, S. A., K. H. Kjaer, M. Bevis, J. L. Bamber, J. Wahr, K. K. Kjeldsen, A. A. Bjork, N. J. Korsgaard, L. A. Stearns, M. R. van den Broeke, L. Liu, N. K. Larsen, and I. S. Muresan. 2014. Sustained mass loss of the northeast Greenland ice sheet triggered by regional warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 4(4), 292–299, doi:10.1038/nclimate2161. Kjeldsen, K. K., W. Weinrebe, J. Bendtsen, A. A. Bjørk, and K. H. Kjær. 2017. Multi- beam Bathymetry and CTD-Measurements in two fjord systems in Southeast Greenland, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Disc., 2017, 1–25, doi:10.5194/essd-2017-29. Korona, J., E. Berthier, M. Bernard, F. Rémy, and E. Thouvenot. 2009. SPIRIT. SPOT 5 stereoscopic survey of Polar Ice: Reference Images and Topographies during the fourth International Polar Year (2007–2009) , ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., 64(2), 204– 212, doi:http://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2008.10.005. Lindbäck, K., R. Pettersson, S. H. Doyle, C. Helanow, P. Jansson, S. S. Kristensen, L. Stenseng, R. Forsberg, and A. L. Hubbard. 2014. High-resolution ice thickness and bed topography of a land-terminating section of the Greenland Ice Sheet, Earth System Science Data, 6:331-338, doi:10.5194/essd-6-331-2014. Morlighem, M., E. Rignot, and J. Willis. 2016b. Improving bed topography mapping of Greenland glaciers using NASA’s Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) data, Oceanography, 29. Morlighem, M., E. Rignot, J. Mouginot, H. Seroussi and E. Larour. 2014. Deeply incised submarine glacial valleys beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet, Nature Geoscience, 7:418-422. doi:10.1038/ngeo2167. Morlighem, M, E. Rignot, J Mouginot, H. Seroussi, and E. Larour. 2014. High-resolution ice thickness mapping in South Greenland. Annals of Glaciology, 55(67):1–7. Morlighem, M, E. Rignot, J. Mouginot, X. Wu, H. Seroussi, E. Larour, and J. Paden. 2013. High-resolution bed topography mapping of Russell Glacier, Greenland, inferred from Operation IceBridge data. Journal of Glaciology, 59(218):1015–1023. Morlighem, M, E. Rignot, H. Seroussi, E. Larour, H. Ben Dhia, and D. Aubry. 2011. A mass conservation approach for mapping glacier ice thickness. Geophysical Research Letters, 38(L19503):1–6. Motyka, R. J., R. Cassotto, M. Truffer, K. K. Kjeldsen, D. Van As, N. J. Korsgaard, M. Fahnestock, I. Howat, P. L. Langen, J. Mortensen, , K. Lennert, and S. Rys- gaard. 2017. Asynchronous behavior of outlet glaciers feeding Godthåbsfjord (NuupKangerlua) and the triggering of Narsap Sermia’s retreat in SW Greenland, J. Glaciol., 63(238), 288308, doi:10.1017/jog.2016.138. Mouginot, J., E. Rignot, B. Scheuchl, and R. Millan. 2017. Comprehensive Annual Ice Sheet Velocity Mapping Using Landsat-8, Sentinel-1, and RADARSAT-2 Data, Remote Sens., 9(4), doi:10.3390/rs9040364. Nixdorf, U., D. Steinhage, U. Meyer, L. Hempel, M. Jenett, P. Wachs, and H. Miller. 1999. The newly developed airborne radio-echo sounding system of the AWI as a glaciological tool, Ann. Glaciol., 29, 231–238, doi:10.3189/172756499781821346 Noël, B., W. J. van de Berg, H. Machguth, S. Lhermitte, I. Howat, X. Fettweis, and M. R. van den Broeke. 2016. A daily, 1 km resolution data set of downscaled Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance (1958–2015), Cryosphere, 10(5), 2361–2377, doi:10.5194/tc-10-2361-2016. O’Cofaigh, C., J. A. Dowdeswell, A. E. Jennings, K. A. Hogan, A. Kilfeather, J. F. Hiem- stra, R. Noormets, J. Evans, D. J. McCarthy, J. T. Andrews, J. M. Lloyd, and M. Moros. 2013. An extensive and dynamic ice sheet on the West Greenland shelf during the last glacial cycle, Geology, 41(2), 219–222. OMG Mission. 2016. Bathymetry (sea floor depth) data from the ship-based bathymetry survey. Ver. 0.1. OMG SDS, CA, USA http://dx.doi.org/10.5067/OMGEV-BTYSS. Peters, M., D. Blankenship, and D. Morse. 2005. Analysis techniques for coherent air- borne radar sounding: Application to West Antarctic ice streams, J. Geophys. Res., 110(B6), doi:10.1029/2004JB003222. Peters, M. E., D. D. Blankenship, S. P. Carter, S. D. Kempf, D. A. Young, and J. W. Holt. 2007. Along-track focusing of airborne radar sounding data from West Antarctica for improving basal reflection analysis and layer detection, IEEE Trans. Geosc. and Rem.Sens., 45(9), 2725–2736, doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.897416. Raney, K. 2010. IceBridge PARIS L2 ice thickness. version 1.0, doi: 10.5067/OMEAKG6GIJNB, Boulder, Colorado USA: NASA DAAC at the National Snow and Ice Data Center Rignot, E. and J. Mouginot. 2012. Ice flow in Greenland for the International Polar Year 2008–2009. Geophysical Research Letters, 39:L11501. Rignot, E., I. Fenty, Y. Xu, C. Cai, and C. Kemp. 2015. Undercutting of marine-terminating glaciers in West Greenland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42(14), 5909–5917, doi:10.1002/2015GL064236. Rignot, E., I. Fenty, Y. Xu, C. Cai, I. Velicogna, C. O'Cofaigh, J. A. Dowdeswell, W. Weinrebe, G. Catania, and D. Duncan. 2016. Bathymetry data reveal glaciers vulnerable to ice-ocean interaction in Uummannaq and Vaigat glacial fjords, west Greenland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43(6), 2667–2674. 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Linking glacially modified waters to catchment-scale subglacial discharge using autonomous underwater vehicle observations, Cryosphere, 10(1), 417– 432, doi:10.5194/tc-10-417-2016. Straneo, F., D. A. Sutherland, D. Holland, C. Gladish, G. S. Hamilton, H. L. Johnson, E. Rignot, Y. Xu, and M. Koppes. 2012. Characteristics of ocean waters reaching Greenland’s glaciers, Ann. Glaciol., 53(60, 2), 202–210. Straneo, F., G. S. Hamilton, L. A. Stearns, and D. A. Sutherland. 2016. Connecting the Greenland Ice Sheet and the Ocean, a case study of Helheim Glacier and Sermilik Fjord, Oceanography, 29(4, SI), 34–45. Sutherland, D. A., F. Straneo, and R. S. Pickart. 2014. Characteristics and dynamics of two major Greenland glacial fjords, J. Geophys. Res. - Oceans, 119(6), 3767–3791. Thomsen, H., et al. 1997. The Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden glacier project, north-east Greenland: a study of ice sheet response to climatic change, Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 179:95. Weinrebe, R. W., A. KuijpKui, I. Klaucke, and M. Fink. 2009. Multibeam Bathymetry Surveys in Fjords and Coastal Areas of West-Greenland, in Eos Trans. AGU, 90(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract OS21A1152.

This data set contains a bed topography/bathymetry map of Greenland based on mass conservation, multi-beam data, and other techniques. It also includes surface elevation and ice thickness data, as well as an ice/ocean/land mask.

VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/sites/default/files/idbmg4-v003-userguide.pdfIceBridge BedMachine Greenland, Version 3 User GuidePROJECT HOME PAGEhttp://nsidc.org/data/icebridge/index.htmlIceBridge Product Web SitePROJECT HOME PAGEhttp://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/icebridge/index.htmlNASA IceBridge Mission Web SiteVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttp://sites.uci.edu/morlighem/Ice Sheet Modeling Group, Department of Earth System Science, University of California IrvineVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttp://www.ess.uci.edu/group/erignot/homeU. of California, Irvine, Dept. of Earth System Science, Rignot Research GroupCEOS IDN DIFVERSION 9.92017-09-252026-05-05NSIDCVersion SummaryVersion 3 includes ocean bathymetry all around Greenland based on data from NASA’s Ocean Melting Greenland (OMG) and other campaigns of bathymetry measurements. The subglacial bed topography has also been updated by including more ice thickness data and constraining the ice thickness at the ice/ocean interface based on bathymetry data when available.NSIDCMinor VersionNSIDCSpatial Reference SystemsEPSG:3413WGS 84 / NSIDC Sea Ice Polar Stereographic NorthNSIDCLevel of ServiceNo Data AccessNSIDCFull Dataset CitationMorlighem, M. et al. (2017). <i>IceBridge BedMachine Greenland</i>. (IDBMG4, Version 3). [Data Set]. Boulder, Colorado USA. NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/2CIX82HUV88Y">https://doi.org/10.5067/2CIX82HUV88Y</a>. [<i><describe subset used if applicable></i>].NSIDCRetiredtrueNSIDCRelated Toolsapplication/vnd.nasa.cmr.umm+jsonfalsecrumlydmmt_tool_12821TL4019517520-NSIDC_CPRDNSIDC_CPRD1tool2026-02-11T17:45:02.724ZGOTO WEB TOOLhttps://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/searchDistributionURLNSIDC_CPRD_NASA_Earthdata_SearchWeb User Interface1NASA Earthdata SearchSearch and order data from all NASA DAACs using spatial and temporal filters in a map interface. Reformatting, reprojecting, and subsetting options are available for some data sets.https://nsidc.org/support/how/search-order-and-customize-nsidc-daac-data-nasa-earthdata-searchVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONHow to search, order, and customize data with NASA Earthdata SearchPublicationURLDATA VISUALIZATIONDATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATIONEARTH SCIENCE SERVICESDATA SEARCHDATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLINGEARTH SCIENCE SERVICESDATA ACCESS/RETRIEVALDATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLINGEARTH SCIENCE SERVICESSERVICE PROVIDERNSIDC DAAC User ServicesEmailnsidc@nsidc.orgSERVICE PROVIDEREarthdata Service DeskEmailsupport@earthdata.nasa.govAUTHORDEVELOPERORIGINATORPUBLISHERMaintenance and Development, Earth Observing System Data and Information System, Earth Observing System,Goddard Space Flight Center, NASAhttp://newsroom.gsfc.nasa.gov/NASA/GSFC/EOS/EOSDIS/EMDChromeFirefoxSafariThis is the most current release of this tool.https://cdn.earthdata.nasa.gov/umm/tool/v1.0UMM-T1.0https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search