2026-08-07T21:21:03Zhttp://nsidc.org/api/dataset/metadata/oaioai:nsidc.org/G10010.0022025-12-04T15:17:11Zv0_otherv0_allnoaa
G10010.002Gridded Monthly Sea Ice Extent and Concentration, 1850 OnwardWalsh, J. E., Chapman, W. L., Fetterer, F. & Stewart, J. S.Gridded Monthly Sea Ice Extent and Concentration, 1850 Onward2019-09-03Boulder, Colorado USANSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center2false10.7265/jj4s-tq79https://dx.doi.org/10.7265/jj4s-tq79G10010Technical ContactNSIDCUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468CIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAInvestigatorJohnEWalshwalsh@wx.atmos.uiuc.edu1-217-333-7521University of IllinoisDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences105 South Gregory AvenueUrbanaIL61801InvestigatorWilliamLChapmanchapman@faldo.atmos.uiuc.eduDepartment of Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Illinois105 S. Gregory AvenueUrbanaIL61801InvestigatorFlorenceFettererfetterer@nsidc.orgBoulderCOUSAEARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICESEA ICE CONCENTRATION Climatology/Meteorology/AtmosphereSea Ice ConcentrationSea Ice Prediction Network-projectSIPN-projectSIPN sea ice-projectSSM/ISpecial Sensor Microwave/ImagerVISUAL OBSERVATIONSVISUAL OBSERVATIONSDMSPDefense Meteorological Satellite ProgramSHIPS1850-01-012017-12-31active30.189.9-180180OceanArctic Ocean1/4 degree1/4 degree1 monthThese data are freely, openly, and fully accessible without restrictions.These data are freely, openly, and fully available to use without restrictions, provided that you cite the data according to the recommended citation at https://nsidc.org/about/use_copyright.html.EnglishNOAANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationhttp://nsidc.org/noaa/Data Center ContactNOAAUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468National Snow and Ice Data CenterCIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAFTP260 MBNetCDFACSYS. 2003. ACSYS Historical Ice Chart Archive (1553-2002). IACPO Informal Report No. 8. Tromsø, Norway: Arctic Climate System Study.
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute. 2007. Sea ice charts of the Russian Arctic in gridded format, 1933-2006. Edited and compiled by V. Smolyanitsky, V. Borodachev, A. Mahoney, F. Fetterer, and R. Barry. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5D21VHJ.
Chapman, W. L. and J. E. Walsh. 1991, updated 1996. Arctic and Southern Ocean Sea Ice Concentrations. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5057CVT.
Chapman, W. L. and J. E. Walsh. 1991. Long-Range Prediction of Regional Sea Ice Anomalies in the Arctic. Weather and Forecasting 6(2): 271-288.
Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) and NSIDC. 2012. Arctic Sea Ice Charts from the Danish Meteorological Institute, 1893 - 1956. Compiled by V. Underhill and F. Fetterer. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N56D5QXC.
Dehn, W. S. 1972. Alaskan Sea Ice. In Sea Ice: Proceedings of an International Conference, Reykjavik, Iceland, May 10-13, 1971, T. Karlsson, ed. National Research Council of Iceland: 125-129.
Divine, D. V. and C. Dick. 2007. March through August ice edge positions in the Nordic Seas, 1750-2002. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N59884X1.
Hill, B. T. 1999. Historical Record of sea ice and iceberg distribution around Nfld and Labrador, 1810-1958. WCRP No. 108 or WMO/TD No. 949, April/99, ACSYS, Proc. of the Workshop on Sea Ice Charts of the Arctic, Seattle, WA AU 5-7, 1998.
Hill, B. T. and S. J. Jones. 1990. The Newfoundland Ice Extent and the Solar Cycle from 1860 to 1988. J. Geophys. Res. 95(C4): 5385-5394.
Kelly, P. M. 1979. An arctic sea ice data set, 1901-1956. Glaciological Data, Report GD-5: Workshop on Snow Cover and Sea Ice Data. National Snow and Ice Data Center: 101-106.
Meier, W., F. Fetterer, M. Savoie, S. Mallory, R. Duerr, and J. Stroeve. 2013. NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration, Version 2. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N55M63M1.
National Snow and Ice Data Center (comp.). 2005. The Dehn Collection of Arctic Sea Ice Charts, 1953-1986. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5F769GD.
Underhill, V., F. Fetterer, and C. Petersen. 2014. Arctic Sea Ice Concentration and Extent from Danish Meteorological Institute Sea Ice Charts, 1901-1956. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5MP517M.
Walsh, J. E. 1978. A data set on Northern Hemisphere sea ice extent. Glaciological Data, Report GD-2, part 1, National Snow and Ice Data Center: 49 - 51.
Walsh, J. E. and W. L. Chapman. 2001. 20th-century sea-ice variations from observational data. Annals of Glaciology 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756401781818671.
Walsh, J. E. and C. M. Johnson. 1978. Analysis of Arctic sea ice fluctuations 1953-77. Journal of Physical Oceanography 9(3): 580-591.Notice: Due to funding limitations, this data set was recently changed to a “Basic” Level of Service. Learn more about what this means for users and how you can share your story here: <a href="https://nsidc.org/data/user-resources/data-announcements/user-notice-level-service-update-data-products">Level of Service Update for Data Products</a>.<br><br>
Observations from historical sources are the basis of this monthly gridded sea ice concentration product that begins in 1850. In 1979, these sources give way to a single source: concentration from satellite passive microwave data. The historical observations come in many forms: ship observations, compilations by naval oceanographers, analyses by national ice services, and others. Monthly sea ice concentration is given in a 1/4 degree latitude by 1/4 degree longitude grid. In addition to the concentration array, for each month a corresponding source array indicates where each of 16 possible sources is used. The file of concentration and source arrays conforms to NetCDF-4 standards.VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://dx.doi.org/10.7265/jj4s-tq79GET DATAhttps://noaadata.apps.nsidc.org/NOAA/G10010_V2/HTTPSVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g02203Arctic Sea Ice Charts from Danish Meteorological Institute, 1893 – 1956VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g10007Arctic Sea Ice Concentration and Extent from Danish Meteorological Institute Sea Ice Charts, 1901-1956VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g00799Arctic and Southern Ocean Sea Ice ConcentrationsVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g01111The Dehn Collection of Arctic Sea Ice Charts, 1953-1986VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g02172National Ice Center Arctic Sea Ice Charts and Climatologies in Gridded FormatVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g02176Sea Ice Charts of the Russian Arctic in Gridded Format, 1933-2006VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://nsidc.org/data/g02202NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration, Version 2CEOS IDN DIFVERSION 9.92019-09-032025-12-04NSIDCVersion SummaryIn general, the V2 extent and area values are slightly higher than those derived from V1 (Figure 24). To create V1.1, inconsistencies in the V1.0 land mask were addressed by applying an “if ever land, always land” rule to grid cells. This had the effect of slightly expanding the land mask, so that the area covered by ocean cells, and thus the area that could contain sea ice, was proportionally reduced. The improved V2 land mask leaves more ocean cells in which ice may occur. In total, about 450,000 sq km of coastal ocean are added. V2 ice extent and area differ from extent and area derived using V1, simply because the V1 and V2 land areas are not the same. This difference is greatest in the winter months, when ice reaches a greater expanse of coastline.
Most of the higher V2 extent and area values are the result of the changed land mask, with the change in input CDR source data version being an additional factor in the satellite era. There is a seasonal effect in the change attributable to the improved land maskNSIDCMinor VersionNSIDCCurrent Version1NSIDCLevel of ServiceBasicNSIDCFull Dataset CitationWalsh, J. E., Chapman, W. L., Fetterer, F. & Stewart, J. S. (2019). <i>Gridded Monthly Sea Ice Extent and Concentration, 1850 Onward</i>. (G10010, Version 2). [Data Set]. Boulder, Colorado USA. National Snow and Ice Data Center. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7265/jj4s-tq79">https://doi.org/10.7265/jj4s-tq79</a>. [<i><describe subset used if applicable></i>].NSIDCRetiredfalseNSIDCRelated Servicesapplication/vnd.nasa.cmr.umm+jsonfalsejroebuckmmt_service_32962S2721063021-NSIDCV0NSIDCV01service2023-06-27T14:22:11.750Zhttps://noaadata.apps.nsidc.org/NSIDCV0_NOAA_Data_HTTPS_File_SystemNOT PROVIDED1NOAA@NSIDC HTTPS File SystemAccess and download NOAA@NSIDC data using a web browser, or through a command line utility such as WGET, or using programming languages such as R or Python.https://nsidc.org/data/user-resources/help-center/how-access-and-download-noaansidc-dataVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONNOAA@NSIDC HTTPS Access GuidePublicationURLUSER SERVICESNSIDC User ServicesEmailnsidc@nsidc.orgDATA ACCESS/RETRIEVALDATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLINGEARTH SCIENCE SERVICESThis is the most current release of this service.AUTHORDEVELOPERPUBLISHERSERVICE PROVIDERNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration at the National Snow and Ice Data CenterNSIDC_NOAAhttps://cdn.earthdata.nasa.gov/umm/service/v1.4UMM-S1.4https://noaadata.apps.nsidc.org/NOAA/G10010_V2/