2026-07-28T20:19:10Zhttp://nsidc.org/api/dataset/metadata/oaioai:nsidc.org/G02202.0042025-11-06T22:08:12Zv0_otherv0_allretirednoaa
G02202.004NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice ConcentrationMeier, W. N., Fetterer, F., Windnagel, A. K. & Stewart, J. S.NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration2021-05-24Boulder, Colorado USANSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center4false10.7265/efmz-2t65https://doi.org/10.7265/efmz-2t65G02202Technical ContactNSIDCUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468CIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAEARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICESEA ICE CONCENTRATION Climatology/Meteorology/AtmosphereAntarcticGridded DataMultiyear Sea Ice ConcentrationPassive MicrowavePassive Microwave DataPassive Microwave Sea Ice DataPolar StereographicPolar Stereo Sea Ice-project Sea Ice ConcentrationSea Ice PM Polar Stereo-projectSea Ice Prediction Network-projectSIPN-projectSIPN sea ice-projectSMMR and SSM/I-SSMIS-related productTotal Sea Ice ConcentrationSMMRScanning Multichannel Microwave RadiometerSSM/ISpecial Sensor Microwave/ImagerSSMISSpecial Sensor Microwave Imager/SounderDMSP 5D-2/F11Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F11DMSP 5D-2/F13Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F13DMSP 5D-2/F8Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F8DMSP 5D-3/F17Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F17Nimbus-7Nimbus-71978-10-252024-12-31deprecated-89.84-39.36-18018031.189.84-180180OceanArctic OceanGeographic RegionPolarGeographic RegionArcticContinentAntarctica25 km25 km1 dayThese data have been retired and are no longer accessible, though a more recent version of these data may be available.These data have been retired and are no longer available for use, though a more recent version of these data may be available. Cite any prior or planned use of these data according to the recommended citation at https://nsidc.org/about/data-use-and-copyright.EnglishNOAANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationhttp://nsidc.org/noaa/Data Center ContactNOAAUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468National Snow and Ice Data CenterCIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAFTPNetCDFAndersen, S., R. Tonboe, L. Kaleschke, G. Heygster, and L. T. Pedersen. 2007. Intercomparison of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration Retrievals over the High-Concentration Arctic Sea Ice. J. Geophys. Res., 112, C08004, doi:10.1029/2006JC003543.
Belchansky, G. I., and D. C. Douglas. 2002. Seasonal Comparisons of Sea Ice Concentration Estimates Derived from SSM/I, OKEAN, and RADARSAT Data. Rem. Sens. Environ., 81: 67-81.
Carsey, F. D. (Ed.). 1992. Microwave Remote Sensing of Sea Ice. American Geophysical Union, 462 pp. Cavalieri, D. J., C. L. Parkinson. Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice Concentrations from Multichannel Passive-Microwave Satellite Data Sets: October 1978 - September 1995 - User's Guide. NASA Technical Memorandum 104647. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland.
Cavalieri, D. J., P. Gloersen, and W. J. Campbell. 1984. Determination of Sea Ice Parameters with the NIMBUS-7 SMMR. J. Geophys. Res., 89(D4): 5355-5369.
Comiso, J.C., R.A. Gersten, L.V. Stock, J. Turner, G.J. Perez, and K. Cho. 2017. Positive Trend in the Antarctic Sea Ice Cover and Associated Changes in Surface Temperature. J. Climate, 30, 2251–2267, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0408.1
Comiso, J. C., and F. Nishio. 2008. Trends in the Sea Ice Cover Using Enhanced and Compatible AMSR-E, SSM/I, and SMMR Data. J. of Geophys. Res., 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC0043257.
Comiso, J. C., D. Cavalieri, C. Parkinson, and P. Gloersen. 1997. Passive Microwave Algorithms for Sea Ice Concentrations: A Comparison of Two Techniques. Rem. Sens. of the Environ., 60(3):357-384.
Comiso, J. C. 1986. Characteristics of Arctic Winter Sea Ice from Satellite Multispectral Microwave Observations. J. Geophys. Res., 91(C1): 975-994.
Eaton B., J. Gregory, H. Centre, B. Drach, K. Taylor, and S. Hankin. 2010. NetCDF Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Conventions Version 1.5. Programs for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison. 81 pp. http://cf-pcmdi.llnl.gov/documents/cf-conventions/1.5/cf-conventions.pdf. Accessed Sep. 2011.
Fetterer, F., and N. Untersteiner. 1998. Observations of Melt Ponds on Arctic Sea Ice. J. Geophys. Res., 103(C11): 24, 821-24, 835. Gloersen, P., W. J. Campbell, D. J. Cavalieri, J. C. Comiso, C. L. Parkinson, and H. J. Zwally. 1993. Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice, 1978-1987: Satellite Passive-Microwave Observations and Analysis. NASA Spec. Publ. 511, 290 pp.
Kwok, R. 2002. Sea Ice Concentration Estimates from Satellite Passive Microwave Radiometry and Openings from SAR Ice Motion. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(9), 1311, doi:10.1029/2002GL014787.
Meier, W. N., M. Savoie, and S. Mallory. 2011a. CDR Climate Algorithm and Theoretical Basis Document: Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration. NOAA NCDC CDR Program.
Meier, W. N., and S. J. S. Khalsa. 2011b. Intersensor Calibration between F-13 SSM/I and F-17 SSMIS Near-Real-Time Sea Ice Estimates. Geoscience and Remote Sensing 49(9): 3343-3349.
Meier, W. N. 2005. Comparison of Passive Microwave Ice Concentration Algorithm Retrievals with AVHRR Imagery in Arctic Peripheral Seas. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 43(6): 1324-1337.
Partington, K., T. Flynn, D. Lamb, C. Bertoia, and K. Dedrick. 2003. Late Twentieth Century Northern Hemisphere Sea-Ice Record from U.S. National Ice Center Ice Charts. J. Geophys. Res. 108(C11): 3343. doi:10.1029/2002JC001623.
Steffen, K., J. Key, D. J. Cavalieri, J. Comiso, P. Gloersen, K. St. Germain, and I. Rubinstein. 1992. The Estimation of Geophysical Parameters using Passive Microwave Algorithms, in 'Microwave Remote Sensing of Sea Ice.' F.D. Carsey, ed., American Geophysical Union Monograph 68, Washington, DC:201-231.
National Research Council of the National Academies. 2004. Climate Data Records from Environmental Satellites: Interim Report. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 150 pp.This data set provides a Climate Data Record (CDR) of sea ice concentration from passive microwave data. The CDR algorithm output is a rule-based combination of ice concentration estimates from two well-established algorithms: the NASA Team (NT) algorithm (Cavalieri et al. 1984) and NASA Bootstrap (BT) algorithm (Comiso 1986). The CDR is a consistent, daily and monthly time series of sea ice concentrations from 25 October 1978 through the most recent processing for both the north and south polar regions. All data are on a 25 km x 25 km grid.
Note: A near-real-time version of this data set also exists to fill the gap between the time that this data set is updated through to the present. The data set is called the Near-Real-Time NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration (https://nsidc.org/data/g10016).VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://doi.org/10.7265/efmz-2t65CEOS IDN DIFVERSION 9.92021-05-242025-11-06NSIDCVersion Summary* CDR now begins 25 October 1978
* NSIDC-produced daily and monthly NASA Team (NT) and NASA Bootstrap (BT) variables are new included
* Four variables in the daily files and four variables in the monthly files have been renamed.
* Goddard-produced variables were removed
* Yearly aggregated files containing daily data and period-of-record aggregated files containing monthly data are available in addition to the daily and monthly NetCDF files.
* Gap filling implemented using spatial and temporal interpolation
* Arctic pole hole filled by spatial interpolation
* NSIDC’s BT algorithm has been updated to use Goddard’s BT version 3.1 algorithm
* Updated the NASA Team weather filter threshold for the Southern hemisphere instruments.
* In addition to the BT weather and land spillover filters, the NT filters are now also applied.
* Individual land masks have been merged into one composite land mask.NSIDCMinor VersionNSIDCSpatial Reference SystemsEPSG:3411NSIDC Sea Ice Polar Stereographic NorthEPSG:3412NSIDC Sea Ice Polar Stereographic SouthNSIDCLevel of ServiceNo Data AccessNSIDCFull Dataset CitationMeier, W. N., Fetterer, F., Windnagel, A. K. & Stewart, J. S. (2021). <i>NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration</i>. (G02202, Version 4). [Data Set]. Boulder, Colorado USA. National Snow and Ice Data Center. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7265/efmz-2t65">https://doi.org/10.7265/efmz-2t65</a>. [<i><describe subset used if applicable></i>].NSIDCRetiredtrue