2026-06-05T21:44:44Zhttp://nsidc.org/api/dataset/metadata/oaioai:nsidc.org/G02159.0012025-12-01T15:16:55Zv0_otherv0_allnoaa
G02159.001Arctic Sea Ice Melt Pond Statistics and Maps, 1999-2001Fetterer, F., Wilds, S. & Sloan, J.Arctic Sea Ice Melt Pond Statistics and Maps, 1999-20012008-08-18Boulder, Colorado USANSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center1false10.7265/N5PK0D32https://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5PK0D32G02159InvestigatorFlorenceFettererfetterer@nsidc.orgBoulderCOUSAInvestigatorStanleyWildsLakewoodCOUSAInvestigatorJeffreySloanLakewoodCOUSATechnical ContactNSIDCUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468CIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAEARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESNOW/ICEALBEDO EARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICEHEAT FLUX EARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICEICE FLOES EARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICESEA ICE CONCENTRATIONICE FRACTION EARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICEICE GROWTH/MELT EARTH SCIENCECRYOSPHERESEA ICEICE ROUGHNESS Climatology/Meteorology/AtmosphereOceansMelt Pond AreaMelt Pond Size StatisticsSea Ice Prediction Network-projectSea Ice Visible/Infrared-projectSIPN melt-projectSIPN-projectVISIBLE SPECTROMETERSATELLITESSATELLITES1999-08-012001-09-30complete7390-180180OceanArctic OceanOceanArctic OceanBeaufort Sea1m1mVariesSun angle and light levels varied, and images varied in dynamic range. This necessitated using supervised maximum likelihood classification for the best possible classification result. Producing the surface type maps was a subjective process for which no independent checks were available. Limitations include the 1 m resolution of the images (smaller ponds are not detected), and false detections because of ridge shadows. Based on earlier work (Fetterer and Untersteiner 1998), we estimate the accuracy of the pond coverage at ±5 percent. This data set cannot approach the accuracy of detailed surface observations like those acquired at SHEBA, but it does provide spatial coverage and a number of samples that would be difficult to acquire in any other way.
The Excel file, Image_file_summary.xls, has a quality ranking for each image. These were assigned subjectively when the supervised classification was performed, and indicate confidence in the pond coverage statistics. Quality is ranked optimal (highest confidence in results), good, questionable (use results with care) and poor. Those ranked poor will not have surface type coverage statistics data, but may have been processed only to obtain image files that show floe morphology.These data are freely, openly, and fully accessible without restrictions.These data are freely, openly, and fully available to use without restrictions, provided that you cite the data according to the recommended citation at https://nsidc.org/about/use_copyright.html.EnglishNOAANOAANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationhttp://nsidc.org/noaa/Data Center ContactNOAAUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468National Snow and Ice Data CenterCIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAFTP20 - 150 KBPNGFTP20 - 150 KBGeoTIFFFTP20 - 150 KBJPEGFTPASCIIFTPExcelBarber D. G., J. Yackel . The physical, radiative and microwave scattering characteristics of melt ponds on Arctic landfast sea ice. International Journal of Remote Sensing, Volume 20, Number 10, 10 July 1999 , pp. 2069-2090(22)
Duda, Richard O., and Peter E. Hart. 1973. Pattern classification and scene analysis. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 482 pp.
Eicken, H., H. R. Krouse, D. Kadko, and D. K. Perovich (2002), Tracer studies of pathways and rates of meltwater transport through Arctic summer sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 107(C10), 8046, doi:10.1029/2000JC000583.
Fetterer, F., and N. Untersteiner. 1998a. Observations of Melt Ponds on Arctic Sea Ice. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103 (C11), 24,821-24,835
Fetterer, F., and N. Untersteiner, Melt pond coverage statistics from classified satellite data, in International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, (on CD-ROM), IEEE 97CH36174, Seattle, WA, 1998b. Grenfell, T.C., and G.A. Maykut. The optical properties of ice and snow in the Arctic basin. Journal of Glaciology, 18 (80), 445-463, 1977.
Langleben, M.P. Albedo of melting sea ice in the southern Beaufort sea, Journal of Glaciology, 10 (58), 101-104, 1971.
Moritz, R.E., J.A. Curry, A.S. Thorndike, and N. Untersteiner, SHEBA: a Research Program on the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean, 34 pp., Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, 1993.
Morassutti, M.P., and E.F. LeDrew, Albedo and Depth of Melt Ponds on Sea Ice, International Journal of Climatology, 16, 817-838, 1996
NSIDC. 2000. SHEBA Reconnaissance Imagery, Version 1.0. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media.
Perovich, D.K., and W.B.Tucker III, Arctic sea-ice conditions and the distribution of solar radiation during summer, Annals of Glaciology, 25, 445-450, 1997.
Perovich, D.K., C.S. Roesler, and W.S. Pegau, Variability in Arctic sea ice optical properties, Journal of Geophysical Research, 103 (C1), 1193-1208, 1998. Perovich, D. K., T. C. Grenfell, J. A. Richter-Menge, B. Light, W. B. Tucker III, and H. Eicken, Thin and thinner: Sea ice mass balance measurements during SHEBA, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C3), 8050, doi:10.1029/2001JC001079, 2003. Perovich, D.K., et al., Year on ice gives climate insights, EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, 80, 481, 485-486, 1999.
Perovich, D.K., T.C. Grenfell, B. Light, J.A. Richter-Menge, M. Sturm, W.B. Tucker III, H. Eicken, G.A. Maykut, and B. Elder, SHEBA: Snow and Ice Studies, CD-ROM, October, 1999. Perovich, D. K., W. B. Tucker III, and K. A. Ligett (2002), Aerial observations of the evolution of ice surface conditions during summer, J. Geophys. Res., 107(C10), 8048, doi:10.1029/2000JC000449
Richelson, J.T., Scientists in black, Scientific American, 278 (2), 48-55, 1998.
Tschudi, M. A., J. A. Curry, and J. A. Maslanik (2001), Airborne observations of summertime surface features and their effect on surface albedo during FIRE/SHEBA, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D14), 15,335 15,344.
Tschudi, M.A., J.A. Curry, and J.A. Maslanik, Determination of areal surface-feature coverage in the Beaufort Sea using aircraft video data, Annals of Glaciology, 25, 434-438, 1997.
Yackel, J. J.; Barber, D. G.; Papakyriakou, T. N.; Breneman, C., First-year sea ice spring melt transitions in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from time-series synthetic aperture radar data, 1992-2002, Hydrological Processes, vol. 21, Issue 2, pp.253-265Visible band imagery from high-resolution satellites were acquired over four Arctic Ocean sites (three in 1999) during the summers of 1999, 2000, and 2001. The sites were within the median extent of the perennial ice pack. Imagery was analyzed using supervised maximum likelihood classification to derive either two (water and ice) or three (pond, open water, and ice) surface classes. Clouds were masked by hand. The data set consists of tables of pond coverage and size statistics for 500 m square cells within 10 km square images (image resolution is 1 meter), along with the surface type maps called Image Derived Products (IDPs) from which the pond statistics were derived. A total of 101 images over the three summers and four sites were used for pond statistics, out of a total of 1056 images acquired. The images are irregularly spaced in time.
Data are stored in Microsoft Excel format and ASCII text, image files are stored as GeoTIFF binary images, browse images in PNG, and JPG image files, and are available from August 1999 and generally for May into September for 2000 and 2001 via FTP.VIEW RELATED INFORMATIONhttps://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5PK0D32DocumentationGET DATAhttps://noaadata.apps.nsidc.org/NOAA/G02159/HTTPSPROJECT HOME PAGEhttp://nsidc.org/cgi-bin/bist/bist.pl?config=meltpondSearch DatabaseCEOS IDN DIFVERSION 9.92008-08-182025-12-01NSIDCVersion SummaryNSIDCMinor VersionNSIDCCurrent Version1NSIDCLevel of ServiceStandardNSIDCFull Dataset CitationFetterer, F., Wilds, S. & Sloan, J. (2008). <i>Arctic Sea Ice Melt Pond Statistics and Maps, 1999-2001</i>. (G02159, Version 1). [Data Set]. Boulder, Colorado USA. National Snow and Ice Data Center. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7265/N5PK0D32">https://doi.org/10.7265/N5PK0D32</a>. [<i><describe subset used if applicable></i>].NSIDCRetiredfalseNSIDCRelated Servicesapplication/vnd.nasa.cmr.umm+jsonfalsejroebuckmmt_service_32962S2721063021-NSIDCV0NSIDCV01service2023-06-27T14:22:11.750Zhttps://noaadata.apps.nsidc.org/NSIDCV0_NOAA_Data_HTTPS_File_SystemNOT PROVIDED1NOAA@NSIDC HTTPS File SystemAccess and download NOAA@NSIDC data using a web browser, or through a command line utility such as WGET, or using programming languages such as R or Python.https://nsidc.org/data/user-resources/help-center/how-access-and-download-noaansidc-dataVIEW RELATED INFORMATIONNOAA@NSIDC HTTPS Access GuidePublicationURLUSER SERVICESNSIDC User ServicesEmailnsidc@nsidc.orgDATA ACCESS/RETRIEVALDATA MANAGEMENT/DATA HANDLINGEARTH SCIENCE SERVICESThis is the most current release of this service.AUTHORDEVELOPERPUBLISHERSERVICE PROVIDERNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration at the National Snow and Ice Data CenterNSIDC_NOAAhttps://cdn.earthdata.nasa.gov/umm/service/v1.4UMM-S1.4https://noaadata.apps.nsidc.org/NOAA/G02159/NSIDCRelated Toolsapplication/vnd.nasa.cmr.umm+jsonfalseamy.steikermmt_tool_14608TL2041935539-NSIDCV0NSIDCV04tool2022-06-13T21:26:07.814ZGOTO WEB TOOLhttps://nsidc.org/data/bist/DistributionURLNSIDCV0_BISTWeb User Interface1.3.1Browse Image Subset Tool Display browse images for five different parameters from three different NOAA@NSIDC Arctic sea ice products in a spreadsheet-like format.DATA VISUALIZATIONDATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATIONEARTH SCIENCE SERVICESSERVICE PROVIDERNSIDC User Services Emailnsidc@nsidc.orgAUTHORDEVELOPERPUBLISHERSERVICE PROVIDERNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration at the National Snow and Ice Data Centerhttp://nsidc.org/noaa/NSIDC_NOAADEVELOPERCollinsJulia2017-10-19T00:00:00.000ZFirefoxChromeSafariEdgeThis is the most current release of the tool. https://cdn.earthdata.nasa.gov/umm/tool/v1.0UMM-T1.0https://nsidc.org/data/bist/