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Taking Scientific Measurements29 viewsOne of the primary purposes of the drifting stations was to collect all possible meteorological data while on the ice floe. This involved installing, calibrating, and maintaining the instruments. Here, researcher German Maximov conducts a routine calibration of a pyranometer (in the large tube). Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements21 viewsGerman Maximov collecting the measurement of direct solar radiation. Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements22 viewsNot all measurements required venturing outside. Aerologists Makurin and Ippolitov recording radio-sounding data at NP-16 in 1968. Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements22 viewsA lone station member taking snow line (snow survey) measurements. Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements19 viewsDetermining instrument location by theodolite. A theodolite is a high-precision surveying instrument. Because the ice floes rotated and changed in topography as they drifted, undergoing freezing and thawing, station members needed to regularly determine the position of the instruments relative to each other and to North. Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements20 viewsTwo station members traverse the snow survey line measuring snow density by weight. Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements17 viewsA ruler measures the ice freeboard, or the height of the ice above the water. Ice draft, on the other hand, is the depth of the ice below the surface of the water. Notice the elongated crystals. Image credit: EWG.
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Taking Scientific Measurements17 viewsNotice the granular structure of this ice, and how large the grains are. The ruler is marked in centimeters. Image credit: EWG.
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Scientific Instruments26 viewsStation members were responsible for recording measurements from a variety of different instruments. Shown here is an array of meteorological instruments at NP-21. From left are the instrument for solar radiation measurement (pyranometer, albedometer, actinometer and balancemeter), the shelter housing thermometers for air temperature and humidity and the hair hygrometer, the precipitation gauge (Tetrakov type), and the anemometer, which is mounted on a mast at 10 meters. Image credit: EWG.
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Scientific Instruments25 viewsA close-up view of a pyranometer, which measures diffuse solar radiation. Image credit: EWG.
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NASA IceBridge2005 viewsThe Operation IceBridge mission, initiated in 2009, collects airborne remote sensing measurements to bridge the gap between NASA's Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat-I) mission and the upcoming ICESat-II mission. This photo was taken over the Patagonian ice fields, on November 23, 2009.
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180 viewsThe CRREL-USGS group measured mesoscale deformation of sea ice
Image Credit: National Snow & Ice Data Center
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