Seasonal frost depths, midwestern USA

Data Contributors HAUGEN, RICHARD Parameters FROZEN GROUND > SEASONALLY FROZEN GROUND FROZEN GROUND > SOIL TEMPERATURE SNOW/ICE > FREEZE/THAW SOILS > SOIL TEMPERATURE SOILS > THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

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This dataset includes frost tube data from 37 stations in the Upper Midwest (Minnesota, North Dakota, Wisconsin), USA. The responsible agency was the St. Paul District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. These data were collected during 1971-1981 (no data for 1976/77) by cooperative observers who gathered the data for use in their spring run-off hydrologic predictions. The observers had frost tubes installed by District personnel in their back yards. The early penetration of frost at the beginning of the freezing season was not observed, but most observers picked up the record when 1 or 2' of frost had occurred. This data base, a preliminary version, was constructed by Richard K. Haugen and Glenn King from the manuscript records of the cooperative observers and is presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.

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Data Citation

The following example shows how to cite the use of this data set in a publication. For more information, see our Use and Copyright Web page.

Haugen, R.. 1998. Seasonal frost depths, midwestern USA. [indicate subset used]. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center.

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