Arctic Ocean Drift Tracks from Ships, Buoys and Manned Research Stations,1872-1973
Summary
Thirty-four drift tracks in the Arctic Ocean pack ice are collected in a unified tabular data format, one file per track. Data are from drifting ships, manned research stations on ice floes (ice islands) and data
buoys. Track names are FRAM (ship, 1893 to 1896), NP-01 through NP-20 (Soviet North Pole stations on ice floes, 1937, 1950, 1954 to 1970), IGY-A and IGY-B (International Geophysical Year ice camps, 1957 to 59), T-3 (Fletcher's Ice Island, 1959 to 1970), ARLIS-II (Arctic Research Laboratory Ice Station II ice camp, 1961 to 1965), BTAE (British Transarctic Expedition, 1968 to 1969), seven buoys deployed during the AIDJEX (Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment) pilot study (1972), TEGG (Austrian ship Tegetthoff, 1872
to 1873) and St. Anna (Russian ship, 1912 to 1914).
Access to the Arctic Ocean Drift Tracks from Ships, Buoys and Manned Research Stations, 1872-1973, data set is unrestricted, but users are encouraged to register for the data. Registered users will receive e-mail notification about any product changes.
Citing These Data
Colony, R., and A.S. Thorndike. 1984. Arctic Ocean drift tracks from ships, buoys and manned research stations, 1872-1973. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5D798B1
The following example shows how to cite the use of this data set in a publication. For more information, see our Use and Copyright Web page.
Overview Table
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Data format | ASCII |
| Spatial coverage | Arctic Ocean |
| Temporal coverage | 1872-1973 |
| File size | The entire data set is 549 KB (compressed). |
| Parameter(s) | Sea ice motion |
| Metadata access | View metadata |
| Data access | Data are available via FTP. |
Table of Contents
1. Contacts
2. Detailed Data Description
3. Data Access and Related Collections
4. References and Related Publications
5. Acknowledgements
6. Document Information
1. Contacts
NSIDC User Services
National Snow and Ice Data Center
CIRES, 449 UCB
University of Colorado
Boulder, CO 80309-0449 USA
phone: +1 303.492.6199
fax: +1 303.492.2468
form: Contact NSIDC User Services
e-mail: nsidc@nsidc.org
2. Detailed Data Description
Background
The collection of drift track positions from 34 platforms or buoys was smoothed, interpolated and projected to a two-dimensional coordinate system by Alan Thorndike and Roger Colony, of the AIDJEX project office, University of Washington. The original raw data consisted of geographic positions at sporadic times for the various platforms. The processes applied to the original data yielded points every two days in x,y coordinates, together with associated velocities (first derivatives).
The origin of the x, y coordinates is the North Pole; positive x-axis is the projection of the Greenwich meridian; positive y-axis is the projection of the 90 degree East meridian. The units of x and y are in kilometers. Velocities are in centimeters per second. The projection is such that the linear accuracy is better than 99 percent over the Arctic Basin. The transformation used in the conversion from lat/lon to x/y is as follows:
x=110.949(90-lat)cos(lon) y=110.949(90-lat)sin(lon)
The dates for the tracks are given in century days, counting from 1 January 1900 (1900 was not a leap year, for ease in subtracting.) Tracks for the Fram and the Tegetthoff ships were recorded during 19th century, so these century days are from 1 January 1800.
Note that oceanographic data from certain Western drifting stations may be found in the National Oceanic Data Center's World Ocean Database.
Spatial and Temporal Coverage and Resolution
Data cover varying times and positions in the Arctic Ocean during the period 1872-1973. Raw data from drift tracks are processed to a position and velocity vector every two days.
Format
Each data file begins with a title record having the following format:
| FIELD | COLUMNS | DEFINITION |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 01-10 | Alphanumeric name of the track |
| 2 | 11-18 | Numerical track id |
| 3 | 19-26 | Number of data points (half the number of days) |
| 4 | 27-35 | Start day of track (century day) |
| 5 | 36-44 | End day of track (century day) |
| 6 | 45-80 | Filler (blanks) |
Data records have the following format:
| FIELD | COLUMNS | DEFINITION |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 01-07 | Century day |
| 2 | 08-17 | X kilometers |
| 3 | 18-27 | Y kilometers |
| 4 | 28-36 | U (cm/sec) |
| 5 | 37-45 | V (cm/sec) |
| 6 | 46-80 | Filler (blanks) |
Drifting station track names as recorded in this dataset are:
| Station | Date(s) | Station | Date(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRAM | 1893-96 | NP-19 | 1970 |
| NP-01 | 1937 | NP-20 | 1970 |
| NP-02 | 1950-51 | IGY-A | 1957-59 |
| NP-04 | 1954-57 | IGY-B | 1957-58 |
| NP-06 | 1956-59 | T-3 | 1962-70 |
| NP-07 | 1957-59 | ARLIS-II | 1961-65 |
| NP-08 | 1959-62 | BTAE | 1968-69 |
| NP-09 | 1960-61 | T-3 ADD | 1959-60 |
| NP-10 | 1961-64 | BUOY 1 | 1972 |
| NP-11 | 1962-63 | BUOY 2 | 1972 |
| NP-12 | 1963-65 | BUOY 3 | 1972 |
| NP-13 | 1964-67 | BUOY 4 | 1972 |
| NP-14 | 1965-66 | BUOY 5 | 1972 |
| NP-15 | 1966-68 | BUOY 6 | 1972 |
| NP-16 | 1968-70 | BUOY 8 | 1972 |
| NP-17 | 1968-69 | TEGG | 1872-73 |
| NP-18 | 1968-70 | ST. ANNA | 1912-14 |
Sample Data Record
ARLIS-II 44 715 22433.5 23861.5 22433.5 -1717.294 -713.603 .2240 6.6780 22435.5 -1716.681 -701.376 .4860 7.4740 22437.5 -1715.614 -687.773 .5140 11.0700 22439.5 -1714.905 -663.118 .8710 11.1790 22441.5 -1712.604 -649.138 1.5280 7.6900
File Size
The entire data set is 549 KB (compressed).
3. Data Access and Related Collections
Data Access
Data are available via FTP.
Related NSIDC Data Collections
- Sea Ice Products at NSIDC
- Norwegian North Polar Expedition 1893-1896: Oceanographic Data
- Arctic Climatology Project - EWG Arctic Meteorology and Climate Atlas
4. References and Related Publications
AIDJEX Data Bank Digital Data Indices and Preliminary User's Guide. 1973. AIDJEX Bulletin. 19:125-148
Arctic Climatology Project. 2000. Environmental Working Group Arctic Meteorology and Climate Atlas. Edited by F. Fetterer and V. Radionov, Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. CD-ROM.
Colony, R., and A. S. Thorndike. 1984. Estimate of the mean field of Arctic sea ice motion. J. Geophys. Res. 89(C6):10623-10629.
Hastings, A. D. 1971. Surface Climate of the Arctic Basin. U. S. Army Engineer Topographic Laboratories, Ft. Belvoir, VA. NTIS Order No. AD738-796.
National Snow and Ice Data Center. 2002. Norwegian North Polar Expedition 1893-1896: Oceanographic Data. Fridtjof Nansen, compiler. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media.
5. Acknowledgements
The data were contributed to NSIDC/WDC for Glaciology, Boulder by the AIDJEX project office. This data set is maintained at NSIDC with support from the NOAA National Geophysical Data Center. M. Stateman, AIDJEX data manager, was associated with the data.
6. Document Information
Document Authors
Unknown
Document Creation Date
Unknown
Document Revision Date
In September, 1998, NSIDC updated the documentation. In July, 2006, this document was reformatted.
Document URL
http://nsidc.org/data/docs/noaa/g01358_arctic_ocean_drift_tracks/index.html
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