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Monthly Summaries of Soil Temperature and Soil Moisture at Oil Contamination Sites in Antarctica

Summary

To determine the effects of oil spills on soil temperature and moisture, soil climate stations were built at existing contamination sites: Scott Base, Marble Point, Bull Pass, and nearby control sites in the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica. Sensors recorded soil temperature, soil moisture, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, net radiation, wind speed, and wind direction. Data extend from January 1999 through December 2001. Data from individual stations are available in tab-delimited ASCII text files. An Excel spreadsheet contains the same data compiled together in a single file. NSIDC currently provides these summary data via FTP; the full soil temperature and moisture data set is available from Ron Paetzold, USDA.

Citing These Data:

Paetzold, R., ed. 2003. Monthly Summaries of Soil Temperature and Soil Moisture at Oil Contamination Sites in Antarctica. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital Media.

Overview Table

Category Description
Data format

Data from individual stations are available in tab-delimited ASCII text files. An Excel spreadsheet contains the same data compiled together in a single file.
Spatial coverage

Data were collected from six sites in Antarctica. Coordinates below are averaged from multiple GPS readings:

Northwest latitude: 77.45 S
Northwest longitude: 161.8806 E
Southeast latitude: 77.9806 S
Southeast longitude: 166.7806 E
Temporal coverage

Bull Pass: 23 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Bull Pass Oil: 23 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Marble Point: 21 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Marble Point Oil: 21 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Scott Base: 26 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Scott Base Oil: 03 December 1999 through 31 December 2001
File naming convention

ggd626_bullpass.txt: data from Bull Pass station (control site)
ggd626_bullpassoil.txt: data from Bull Pass Oil station (contaminated site)
ggd626_marblepoint.txt: data from Marble Point station (control site)
ggd626_marblepointoil.txt: data from Marble Point Oil station (contaminated site)
ggd626_scottbase.txt: data from Scott Base station (control site)
ggd626_scottbaseoil.txt: data from Scott Base Oil station (contaminated site)
ggd626_ant_soiltemp.xls: Excel spreadsheet of data from all stations
File size

File sizes range from 18 KB to 634 KB.
Parameter(s)

Soil temperature (°C), soil moisture (volts), air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), solar radiation (W/m2), net radiation (W/m2), wind speed (mph and m/s), wind direction (° true North)
Procedures for obtaining data

NSIDC currently provides these summary data via FTP. Ron Paetzold maintains the full soil temperature and moisture data set. Contact NSIDC User Services to obtain the full data set.

Table of Contents

1. Contacts and Acknowledgments
2. Detailed Data Description
3. References and Related Publications
4. Document Information

1. Contacts and Acknowledgments:

Investigator(s) Name and Title:

Ron F. Paetzold
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
Lincoln, NE  68505

Jackie Aislabie
Landcare Research
Hamilton, New Zealand

Megan Balks
Department of Earth Sciences
Waikato University
Hamilton, New Zealand

John Kimble
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service
Lincoln, NE  68505

Iain Campbell
Nelson, New Zealand

Technical Contact:

NSIDC User Services
National Snow and Ice Data Center
CIRES, 449 UCB
University of Colorado
Boulder, CO 80309-0449  USA
phone: +1 303.492.6199
fax: +1 303.492.2468
form: Contact NSIDC User Services
e-mail: nsidc@nsidc.org

2. Detailed Data Description:

This project investigates the impacts of hydrocarbon spills on soils of the Ross Sea region. Accidental fuel spills in the region occur mainly near scientific stations, where storage and refueling of aircraft and vehicles often results in spills. To determine the effects of spills on soil temperature and moisture, soil climate stations were built at existing contamination sites: Scott Base, Marble Point, Bull Pass, and nearby control sites.

A Campbell Scientific CR10X-2M datalogger records day, time, battery (voltage), and internal temperature. A combination of the following below-ground sensors are attached to the datalogger: Vitel Hydra dielectric constant soil moisture and temperature sensors, Campbell 107 soil temperature sensors, and MRC soil temperature probes.

At Bull Pass, two additional Vitel sensors were installed under a rock at about 40-cm depth. One of the three Campbell 107 temperature sensors was placed under a white rock, one under a black rock, and another between the Vitel sensors under the rock at 42-cm depth.

At Scott Base Oil station, one additional Vitel sensor and six Campbell 107 sensors were placed in an adjacent control site.

Above-ground sensors at all sites include Licor LI200X pyranometer (solar radiation) sensors and Met One wind speed and direction sensors, which are mounted 3 m above the ground. Vaisala HMP45C air temperature and relative humidity sensors are mounted approximately 1.6 m above the ground.

See Active-Layer Depths for a table of active-layer depths at the three primary stations, and graphs of soil temperatures at all six stations.

Format:

Each of the six station files contains average, median, standard deviation, maximum, and minimum values for the following variables. Not all stations have all of these columns.

Column No. Column Name Description Units Location Sensor
1 BATT VOLT Battery voltage Volts Datalogger Campbell CR10X-2M
2 INT TEMP Datalogger temperature °C Datalogger Campbell CR10X-2M
3 AIR TEMP Air temperature °C Air 1.6 m Vaisala HMP45C
4 RH Relative humidity of soil % Soil. Depth varies among stations. Vaisala HMP45C
5 SOLAR RADIATION W/m2 Air 3 md LiCor
6 NET RADIATION W/m2 Air 3 m LiCor
7 WIND SPEED mph Air 3 m Met One
8 WIND DIRECTION Azimuth Air 3 m Met One
9 WIND SPEED m/s Air 3 m Met One
10 SOIL T Soil temperature at 2-cm depth, measured with Campbell 107 sensor °C Soil 2 cm Campbell 107
11 SOIL T Soil temperature at 15-cm depth, measured with Campbell 107 sensor °C Soil 15 cm Campbell 107
12 SOIL T Soil temperature at 25-cm depth, measured with Campbell 107 sensor °C Soil 25 cm Campbell 107
13 COR SOIL T Corrected soil temperature at 2-cm depth, measured with Campbell 107 sensor °C Soil 2 cm Campbell 107
14 COR SOIL T Corrected soil temperature at 15-cm depth, measured with Campbell 107 sensor °C Soil 15 cm Campbell 107
15 COR SOIL T Corrected soil temperature at 25-cm depth, measured with Campbell 107 sensor °C Soil 25 cm Campbell 107
16 MRC Surface soil temperature, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 0 cm MRC
17 MRC Soil temperature at 7.5-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 7.5 cm MRC
18 MRC Soil temperature at 15-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 15 cm MRC
19 MRC Soil temperature at 22.5-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 22.5 cm MRC
20 MRC Soil temperature at 30-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 30 cm MRC
21 MRC Soil temperature at 45-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 45 cm MRC
22 MRC Soil temperature at 60-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 60 cm MRC
23 MRC Soil temperature at 75-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 75 cm MRC
24 MRC Soil temperature at 90-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 90 cm MRC
25 MRC Soil temperature at 105-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 105 cm MRC
26 MRC Soil temperature at 120-cm depth, measured with MRC sensor °C Soil 120 cm MRC
27 Rep 1 Soil temperature at 2-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 °C Soil 2 cm Vitel
28 Rep 1 Water volumetric content at 2-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 H2O v/v Soil 2 cm Vitel
29 Rep 1 Soil temperature at 15-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 °C Soil 15 cm Vitel
30 Rep 1 Water volumetric content at 15-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 H2O v/v Soil 15 cm Vitel
31 Rep 1 Soil temperature at 25-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 °C Soil 25 cm Vitel
32 Rep 1 Water volumetric content at 25-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 H2O v/v Soil 25 cm Vitel
33 Rep 1 Soil temperature at 40-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 °C Soil 40 cm Vitel
34 Rep 1 Water volumetric content at 40-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 1 H2O v/v Soil 40 cm Vitel
35 Rep 2 Soil temperature at 35-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 °C Soil 2 cm Vitel
36 Rep 2 Water volumetric content at 2-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 H2O v/v Soil 2 cm Vitel
37 Rep 2 Soil temperature at 15-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 °C Soil 15 cm Vitel
38 Rep 2 Water volumetric content at 15-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 H2O v/v Soil 15 cm Vitel
39 Rep 2 Soil temperature at 25-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 °C Soil 25 cm Vitel
40 Rep 2 Water volumetric content at 25-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 H2O v/v Soil 25 cm Vitel
41 Rep 2 Soil temperature at 40-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 °C Soil 40 cm Vitel
42 Rep 2 Water volumetric content at 40-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 2 H2O v/v Soil 40 cm Vitel
43 Rep 3 Soil temperature at 1-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 °C Soil 1 cm Vitel
44 Rep 3 Water volumetric content at 2-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 H2O v/v Soil 2 cm Vitel
45 Rep 3 Soil temperature at 15-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 °C Soil 15 cm Vitel
46 Rep 3 Water volumetric content at 15-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 H2O v/v Soil 15 cm Vitel
47 Rep 3 Soil temperature at 25-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 °C Soil 25 cm Vitel
48 Rep 3 Water volumetric content at 25-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 H2O v/v Soil 25 cm Vitel
49 Rep 3 Soil temperature at 40-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 °C Soil 40 cm Vitel
50 Rep 3 Water volumetric content at 40-cm depth, measured with Vitel sensor, Stack 3 H2O v/v Soil 40 cm Vitel

Sample Data Record:

Following is the first record of data from "ggd626_bullpass.txt" for January 1999:

"Antarctica, Bull Pass"																																																					
ANT3												COR	COR	COR																Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 1	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 2	Rep 3	Rep 3	Rep 3	Rep 3
		BATT	INT	AIR	SOLAR	WIND	WIND	WIND	SOIL T	SOIL T	SOIL T	SOIL T	SOIL T	SOIL T	SOIL	SOIL	SOIL	SOIL	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	MRC	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel	Vitel
		VOLT	TEMP	TEMP	RADITION	SPEED	DIR	SPEED	2 cm	15 cm	25 cm	2 cm	15 cm	25 cm	RH	RH	ELECT	ELECT	0 cm	7.5 cm	15 cm	22.5 cm	30 cm	45 cm	60 cm	75 cm	90 cm	105 cm	120 cm	2 cm	2 cm	20 cm	20 cm	30 cm	30 cm	50 cm	50 cm	120 cm	120 cm	2 cm	2 cm	20 cm	20 cm	30 cm	30 cm	50 cm	50 cm	120 cm	120 cm	42 cm	42 cm	40 cm	40 cm
			deg C	deg C	w/m2	mph	deg True N	m/s	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	%	%	RES	RES	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v	deg C	H2O v/v
January 1999 (partial month)																																																					
Average		13.60	0.81	-0.13	232.10				4.17	4.99	-0.14	4.18	5.00	-0.09	32.70	39.70	0.00	-0.01	6.04	3.82	2.71	1.82	0.89	-0.86	-2.32	-3.85	-5.46	-6.57	-7.59	4.21	0.02	2.21	0.04	1.20	0.04	-1.39	0.04	-7.32	0.06	4.14	0.00	2.27	0.04	0.82	0.05	-0.78	0.05	-7.12	0.07	-0.13	2310.09	0.10	0.04
Median		13.76	0.74	-0.44	202.23				3.73	4.46	-0.03	3.75	4.46	0.02	32.24	39.71	0.00	-0.01	5.32	3.58	2.65	1.95	1.04	-0.89	-2.42	-3.96	-5.53	-6.62	-7.65	3.78	0.02	2.19	0.04	1.38	0.04	-1.38	0.04	-7.41	0.06	3.79	0.00	2.26	0.04	0.99	0.05	-0.69	0.05	-7.21	0.07	-0.09	2312.14	0.13	0.04
Std Dev		0.44	3.31	2.86	173.41				4.73	5.72	0.62	4.69	5.69	0.61	2.40	1.28	0.00	0.00	7.13	3.03	1.66	1.08	0.80	0.66	0.66	0.63	0.48	0.34	0.26	3.99	0.00	1.43	0.00	0.99	0.00	0.79	0.00	0.68	0.00	3.97	0.00	1.37	0.00	0.87	0.00	0.74	0.00	0.63	0.00	0.87	15.94	0.89	0.00
Max		14.18	8.37	6.64	689.50				17.92	21.53	1.31	17.91	21.57	1.34	40.55	42.72	0.00	0.00	25.78	11.62	6.65	4.02	2.68	1.16	0.14	-0.83	-2.31	-3.53	-4.63	19.25	0.03	15.41	0.05	13.62	0.05	11.49	0.04	5.86	0.07	19.89	0.01	14.78	0.05	12.59	0.05	11.71	0.05	5.52	0.07	12.83	2352.76	13.08	0.05
Min		8.78	-6.75	-6.18	17.41				-5.10	-5.76	-1.34	-5.06	-5.73	-1.28	27.09	27.50	-0.01	-0.01	-6.06	-2.26	-0.56	-0.37	-0.65	-1.89	-3.15	-4.52	-5.94	-6.91	-7.86	-3.35	0.01	-0.30	0.03	-0.38	0.03	-2.28	0.03	-7.61	0.05	-3.41	0.00	-0.22	0.03	-0.56	0.04	-1.70	0.04	-7.37	0.06	-1.28	2230.03	-1.07	0.03

File Naming Convention:

ggd626_bullpass.txt: data from Bull Pass station (control site)
ggd626_bullpassoil.txt: data from Bull Pass Oil station (contamination site)
ggd626_marblepoint.txt: data from Marble Point station (control site)
ggd626_marblepointoil.txt: data from Marble Point Oil station (contamination site)
ggd626_scottbase.txt: data from Scott Base station (control site)
ggd626_scottbaseoil.txt: data from Scott Base Oil station (contamination site)
ggd626_ant_soiltemp.xls: Excel spreadsheet of data from all stations

File Size:

ggd626_bullpass.txt: 64 KB
ggd626_bullpassoil.txt: 18 KB
ggd626_marblepoint.txt: 68 KB
ggd626_marblepointoil.txt: 35 KB
ggd626_scottbase.txt: 62 KB
ggd626_scottbaseoil.txt: 24 KB
ggd626_ant_soiltemp.xls: 634 KB

Spatial Coverage:

Data were collected from six sites in Antarctica. Coordinates below are averaged from multiple GPS readings:

Northwest latitude: 77.45 S
Northwest longitude: 161.8806 E
Southeast latitude: 77.9806 S
Southeast longitude: 166.7806 E

Temporal Coverage:

Bull Pass: 23 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Bull Pass Oil: 23 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Marble Point: 21 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Marble Point Oil: 21 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Scott Base: 26 January 1999 through 31 December 2001
Scott Base Oil: 03 December 1999 through 31 December 2001

3. References:

Balks, M.R., R.F. Paetzold, J.M. Kimble, J. Aislabie, and I.B. Campbell. 2002. Effects of hydrocarbon spills on the temperature and moisture regimes of cryosols in the Ross Sea region. Antarctic Science 14(4): 319-326.

4. Document Information:

Document Creation Date:

April 2003

Document Revision Date:

April 2003

Document URL:

http://nsidc.org/data/docs/fgdc/ggd626_soiltemp_antarctica/index.html

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