National Ice Center Arctic Sea Ice Charts and Climatologies in Gridded Format  View Catalog Page Entry ID
G02172
Summary
The U.S. National Ice Center (NIC) is an inter-agency sea ice analysis and forecasting center comprised of Dept. of Commerce/NOAA, Dept. of Defense/U.S. Navy, and Dept. of Homeland Security/U.S. Coast Guard components. Since 1972, NIC has produced Arctic and Antarctic sea ice charts. This data set is an Arctic sea ice concentration climatology derived from the NIC weekly or biweekly operational ice chart time series. The charts used in the climatology are from 1972 through 2004, and the monthly climatology products are median, maximum, minimum, first quartile, and third quartile concentrations, as well as frequency of occurrence of ice at any concentration for 33 year, 10 year, and 5 year periods. These climatologies and the charts from which they are derived are provided in 25 km EASE-Grid (gridded binary). Ice extent can be derived from concentration by summing the number of equal area EASE-Grid cells. GIF browse files are also provided. The climatologies are also made available in a Geographical Information System (GIS) compatible format.
NIC charts are produced through the analyses of available in situ, remote sensing, and model data sources. They are generated primarily for mission planning and safety of navigation. NIC charts generally show more ice than do passive microwave derived sea ice concentrations, particularly in the summer when passive microwave algorithms tend to underestimate ice concentration. The record of sea ice concentration from the NIC series is believed to be more accurate than that from passive microwave sensors, especially from the mid-1990s on (see references in the documentation), but it lacks the consistency of some passive microwave time series.
Geographic Coverage
Spatial Coordinates:
N: 90°
S: 45°
E: 180°
W: -180°
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Data Set Citation
Dataset Creator: National Ice Center, Florence Fetterer and Charles Fowler
Dataset Title: National Ice Center Arctic Sea Ice Charts and Climatologies in Gridded Format
Dataset Release Date: 2006-01-01
Dataset Release Place: Boulder, Colorado USA
Dataset Publisher: National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC)
Version: N/A
Online Resource: http://nsidc.org/data/g02172.html
Temporal Coverage
Start Date: 1972-01-01
Stop Date: 2004-12-31
Location Keywords
- Geographic Region Arctic
- Ocean Arctic Ocean
Science Keywords
- Cryosphere Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration
- Oceans Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration
Ancillary Keywords
- Arctic Sea Ice
- Sea Ice
- Sea Ice Concentration
- Sea Ice Stage Of Development
- Sea Ice Variability
Platform
- AIRCRAFT
- MODELS
- SATELLITES
- SHIPS
Instrument
- AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
- OLS Operational Linescan System
- SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar
- SCATTEROMETERS
- SMMR Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer
- SSM/I Special Sensor Microwave/Imager
- VISUAL OBSERVATIONS
Data Set Progress
COMPLETE
Originating Center
NSIDC_NOAA
Data Center
NSIDC National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org/noaa/
Data Set ID: G02172
Data Center Personnel
Name: NSIDC NOAA User Services
Phone: +1 (303) 492-6199
Fax: +1 (303) 492-2468
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
National Snow and Ice Data Center
CIRES, 449 UCB
University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Distribution
Distribution Media: FTP
Distribution Size: 1.32 GB
Distribution Format: binary
Personnel
Suitland, Maryland USA National Ice Center
Role: INVESTIGATOR
Contact Address:
City: Suitland
Province or State: MD
Country: USA
Florence Fetterer
Role: INVESTIGATOR
Contact Address:
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Country: USA
Charles Fowler
Role: INVESTIGATOR
Contact Address:
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Country: USA
NSIDC User Services
Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone: (303) 492-6199
Fax: (303) 492-2468
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
National Snow and Ice Data Center
CIRES, 449 UCB
University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Related URL
GET DATA > WIST
Compare climatologies and charts from different months and years in a spreadsheet-like view
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Arctic and Southern Ocean Sea Ice Concentrations
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The Dehn Collection of Arctic Sea Ice Charts, 1953-1986
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An Electronic Atlas of Great Lakes Ice Cover, Winters 1973-2002
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Sea Ice Charts of the Russian Arctic in Gridded Format, 1933-2006
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Environmental Working Group Joint U.S.-Russian Arctic Sea Ice Atlas
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Sea Ice Climatic Atlas: Northern Canadian Waters 1971-2000/Atlas climatique des glaces de mer: Eaux du nord canadien 1971-2000
Reference
Agnew, T., and S. Howell. 2002. Comparison of digitized Canadian ice charts and passive microwave sea-ice concentrations. IGARSS 2002, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Conference Proceedings. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/7969/22036/01024996.pdf. Accessed 25 September 2006.
Agnew, T., and S. Howell. 2003. The use of operational ice charts for evaluating passive microwave ice concentration data, Atmosphere-Ocean 41 (4), 317-331.
Arctic Climatology Project. 2000. Environmental Working Group joint U.S.-Russian sea ice atlas. Edited by F. Tanis and V. Smolyanitsky. Ann Arbor, MI: Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, in association with the National Snow and Ice Data Center. CD-ROM. Assel, R.A. 2003. An Electronic Atlas of Great Lakes Ice Cover. NOAA Great Lakes Ice Atlas, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
Bertoia, C., J. Falkingham and F. Fetterer. 1998. Polar SAR data for operational sea ice mapping. In Analysis of SAR Data of the Polar Oceans. Edited by C. Tsatsoulis and R. Kwok, 201-234. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Bertoia, C., M. Manore, and H. S. Andersen. 2001. Mapping ice covered waters from space. Backscatter 12 (3) , 14-22.
Brodzik, M. J. and K. W. Knowles. 2002. 'EASE-Grid: a versatile set of equal-area projections and grids.' In M. Goodchild, ed. Discrete Global Grids. Santa Barbara, CA, USA: National Center for Geographic Information & Analysis.
Canadian Ice Service. 1992. Ice thickness climatology, 1961 - 1990 normals. Minis. Supply Serv. Can. En. 57-28. Can. Commun. Group, Ottawa, Ont. 277 pp.
Canadian Ice Service, 1971-2000: Canadian Digital Regional Ice Charts, Ottawa, Ont., unpublished.
Carrieres, T. 2000. Documentation for the Canadian Ice Service digital sea ice database. Can. Ice Serv., Ottawa, Ontario. 49 pp.
Chapman, W.L., and J.E. Walsh. 1991, updated 1996. Arctic and Southern Ocean sea ice concentrations. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology. Digital media.
Comiso, J. C., and R. Kwok. 1996. Surface and radiative characteristics of the summer Arctic sea ice cover from multi-sensor satellite observations. Journal of Geophysical Research 101 (C12): 28, 397-28, 416. DeAbreu, R. J. Yackel, D. Barber, M. Arkett. 2001. Operational satellite sensing of Arctic first-year sea ice melt. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 27(5), 487-501.Dedrick, K., K. Partington, M. Van Woert, C. A. Bertoia, and D. Benner. 2001. U. S. National/Naval Ice Center Digital Sea Ice Data and Climatology. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 27(5), 457-475.
Environment Canada, 2005. Manual of Standard Procedures for Observing and Reporting Ice Conditions (MANICE). Issuing authority: Assistant Deputy Minister, Meteorological Service of Canada. Available online. (http://ice-glaces.ec.gc.ca/App/WsvPageDsp.cfm?ID=172&LnId=23&Lang=eng) Fetterer, F., compiler. 2006. A selection of documentation related to National Ice Center sea ice charts in digital format. NSIDC Special Report 13. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Fetterer, F., and V. Troisi. 1997. AARI 10-Day Arctic Ocean EASE-Grid sea ice observations. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media.
Fetterer, F., and N. Untersteiner. 1998. Observations of melt ponds on Arctic sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research 103 (C11): 24, 821-24, 835.
Geiger, C. 2006. Propagation of uncertainties in sea ice thickness calculations from basin-scale operational observations: A report prepared for the International Ice Charting Working Group and the National/Naval Ice Center. ERDC/CRREL TR-06-16. 39 pp.
Jeffers, S., T. A. Agnerw, B. T. Alt, R. De Abreu and S. McCourt. 2001. Investigating the anomalous sea ice conditions in the Canadian High Arctic (Queen Elizabeth Islands) during summer of 1998. Annals of Glaciology 33, 507-512. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. 2004. SIGRID-3 : a vector archive format for sea ice charts / developed by the International Ice Charting Working Group's ad hoc format team for the WMO Global Digital Sea Ice Data Bank Project. (Geneva) : World Meteorological Organization ; (Paris) : Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO.
Knight, R. W. 1984. Introduction to a new sea-ice database. Annals of Glaciology 5. (Reproduced in NSIDC Special Report 13).
Kokaly, R. F. 1996. Methods for regridding AARI data in SIGRID format to the EASE-Grid projection. NSIDC Special Report 9.
Kokaly, R.F. 1996. NSIDC Special Report - 6: An evaluation of the results from using nearest neighbor and area min/max resampling methods to regrid AARI digitized sea ice charts to EASE-Grid.
Kwok, R. 2002. Sea ice concentration estimates from satellite passive microwave radiometry and openings from SAR ice motion. Geophysical Research Letters 29 (9): 10.1029/202GL014787.
Maillard, P. and D. A. Clausi. 2005. Operational map-guided classification of SAR sea ice imagery. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol 43, No. 12, pp 2940-2951, doi 10.1109/TGRS.2005.857897
McKenna, P., and W. N. Meier. 2002. SSM/I sea ice algorithm inter-comparison: Operational case studies from the National Ice Center, IGARSS Proceedings, INT_A32_04, Toronto, 24-28 June 2002.
Meier, W. N, M. L. van Woert, and C. Bertoia. 2001. Evaluation of operational SSM/I ice concentration algorithms, Ann. Glaciology, 33, 102-108.
Meier, Walter, 2005. Comparison of Passive Microwave Ice Concentration Algorithm Retrievals With AVHRR Imagery in Arctic Peripheral Seas. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol 40, No. 6, pp 1324-1334.
Meier, W. N, M. L. van Woert, and C. Bertoia. 2001. Evaluation of operational SSM/I ice concentration algorithms, Ann. Glaciology, 33, 102-108.
Meier, W. N., T. Maksym and M.L. Van Woert, Evaluation of Arctic operational passive microwave products: a case study in the Barents Sea during October 2001. Ice in the Environment: Proceedings of the 16th IAHR International Symposium on Ice, Dunedin, New Zealand, 2nd-6th December 2002, International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research
Melling, H. 2002. Sea ice of the northern Canadian Arctic Archipelago. J. Geophys. Res., 107, C11, 3181, doi:10.1029/2001JC001102.
NSIDC/WDC for Glaciology, Boulder, compiler. 2005. The Dehn collection of Arctic sea ice charts, 1953-1986. Boulder, CO : National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology. Digital media.
Partington, K., T. Flynn, D. Lamb, C. Bertoia, and K. Dedrick., 2003. Late twentieth century Northern Hemisphere sea-ice record from U.S. National Ice Center ice charts, J. Geophys. Res., 108, C11, 3343, doi:10.1029/2002JC001623.
Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L.V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan. 2003. Global analysis of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. Journal of Geophysical Research. 108 (D14). doi:10.1029/2002JD002670.
Ropelewski, C. F. 1983. Spatial and temporal variations in Antarctic sea ice (1973-82). Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology, vol 22, 470-473.
Sea Ice Climatic Atlas: Northern Canadian Waters 1971-2000/Atlas climatique des glaces de mer: Eaux du nord canadien 1971-2000, Canadian Ice Service, SBN 0-662-61973-3.
Singarayer, J. S., P. J. Valdes, and J. L. Bamber. 2005. The atmospheric impact of uncertainties in recent Arctic sea ice reconstructions, Journal of Climate, 18, 3996-4012.
van Woert., M. 2002. U. S. Navy operational sea ice remote sensing. IGARSS Proceedings, INT_A32_04, Toronto, 24-28 June 2002.
Willis, Z. M, Foster, C. Bertoia, and K. Dedrick. 200. National Ice Center/Naval Ice Center support to submarine operations Undersea Warfare: Issue 8, pp. 18-21.
World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 1970. WMO sea-ice nomenclature= Nomenclature OMM des glaces en mer= (Nomenklatura VMO po morskomu l«du)= Nomenclatura de la OMM del hielo marino. Terminology, codes and illustrated glossary. Geneva: Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization.
World Meteorological Organization (WMO). 2000. Sea-ice information services in the world. Geneva : Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization. WMO-574.
Metadata Name and Version
Metadata Name: CEOS IDN DIF
Metadata Version: 9.7
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date: 2006-10-01
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