Atlas of the Cryosphere: Northern Hemisphere The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Atlas of the Cryosphere is a map server that provides data and information pertinent to the frozen regions of Earth, including monthly climatologies of sea ice extent and concentration, snow cover extent, and snow water equivalent, in addition to glacier outlines, permafrost extent and classification, ice sheet elevation and accumulation, and more. In order to support polar projections, the Atlas is divided into two separate map servers: one for the Northern Hemisphere and one for the Southern Hemisphere. In addition to providing map images and source data through Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) protocols (WMS, WFS, and WCS), a dynamic web interface for exploring these data is also available at http://nsidc.org/data/atlas. If you have questions, comments or suggestions, please contact NSIDC User Services at +1.303.492.6199 or nsidc@nsidc.org. The development of this map server application was supported by NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) Program under contract NAS5-03099 and was developed using MapServer, an Open Source development environment for building spatially-enabled internet applications. To cite the Atlas of the Cryosphere: Maurer, J. 2007. Atlas of the Cryosphere. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/atlas/. Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Ice Extent Ice Sheets Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration Snow/Ice Snow Cover Snow Melt Snow Water Equivalent OGC WCS 1.1.1 none none National Snow and Ice Data Center NSIDC User Services User Services +1 303.492.6199 +1 303.492.2468 CIRES, 449 UCB, University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA nsidc@nsidc.org Our hours of operation are 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M., U.S. Mountain Time, Monday through Friday. We are closed on most major United States holidays. None. resourceProvider WCS 1.1.1 WCS 1.1.1 sea_ice_concentration_01 sea_ice_concentration_02 sea_ice_concentration_03 sea_ice_concentration_04 sea_ice_concentration_05 sea_ice_concentration_06 sea_ice_concentration_07 sea_ice_concentration_08 sea_ice_concentration_09 sea_ice_concentration_10 sea_ice_concentration_11 sea_ice_concentration_12 seasonal_snow_classification snow_extent_01 snow_extent_02 snow_extent_03 snow_extent_04 snow_extent_05 snow_extent_06 snow_extent_07 snow_extent_08 snow_extent_09 snow_extent_10 snow_extent_11 snow_extent_12 snow_water_equivalent_01 snow_water_equivalent_02 snow_water_equivalent_03 snow_water_equivalent_04 snow_water_equivalent_05 snow_water_equivalent_06 snow_water_equivalent_07 snow_water_equivalent_08 snow_water_equivalent_09 snow_water_equivalent_10 snow_water_equivalent_11 snow_water_equivalent_12 greenland_surface_melt greenland_accumulation greenland_bedrock_elevation greenland_ice_thickness greenland_elevation WCS 1.1.1 sea_ice_concentration_01 sea_ice_concentration_02 sea_ice_concentration_03 sea_ice_concentration_04 sea_ice_concentration_05 sea_ice_concentration_06 sea_ice_concentration_07 sea_ice_concentration_08 sea_ice_concentration_09 sea_ice_concentration_10 sea_ice_concentration_11 sea_ice_concentration_12 seasonal_snow_classification snow_extent_01 snow_extent_02 snow_extent_03 snow_extent_04 snow_extent_05 snow_extent_06 snow_extent_07 snow_extent_08 snow_extent_09 snow_extent_10 snow_extent_11 snow_extent_12 snow_water_equivalent_01 snow_water_equivalent_02 snow_water_equivalent_03 snow_water_equivalent_04 snow_water_equivalent_05 snow_water_equivalent_06 snow_water_equivalent_07 snow_water_equivalent_08 snow_water_equivalent_09 snow_water_equivalent_10 snow_water_equivalent_11 snow_water_equivalent_12 greenland_surface_melt greenland_accumulation greenland_bedrock_elevation greenland_ice_thickness greenland_elevation NEAREST_NEIGHBOUR BILINEAR image/png image/tiff image/gif image/png; mode=24bit image/jpeg image/vnd.wap.wbmp false urn:ogc:def:crs:epsg::4326 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_01 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_02 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_03 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_04 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_05 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_06 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_07 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_08 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_09 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_10 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_11 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. Stroeve, J. and W. Meier. 1999, updated 2008. Sea Ice Trends and Climatologies from SMMR and SSM/I. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/smmr_ssmi_ancillary/monthly_means.html. Accessed 27 June 2008. Compiled from: Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, and H. J. Zwally. 1996. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0051.html. Background: Monthly climatologies of sea ice concentration represent mean ice concentration percentages for each month over the entire time period 1979-2007, which is generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances at a grid cell size of 25 x 25 km using the NASA Team algorithm developed by the Oceans and Ice Branch, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). A threshold of 15 percent concentration has been applied to the monthly climatologies. sea_ice_concentration_12 Arctic Arctic Ocean Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Oceans Polar Sea Ice Sea Ice Concentration 0 0 316 332 -3961770.085 -3961769.906 3961769.894 4362961.971 -179.999998745864 34.9037152643753 178.959571606408 53.7717181062498 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Liston, G.E., and M. Sturm. 1998. Global seasonal snow classification system. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/arcss045.html. 31 August 2006. Background: Based on the physical properties of the snow (depth, density, thermal conductivity, number of layers, degree of wetting, etc.), the world's seasonal snow covers are divided into six classes, plus classes for water and ice fields. Each class is defined by its physical properties, then empirically related to climate using three variables (precipitation, wind, and air temperature). A vegetation proxy was used for wind data: tall vegetation equals low wind, short vegetation equals high wind. Liston, G.E., and M. Sturm. 1998. Global seasonal snow classification system. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/arcss045.html. 31 August 2006. Background: Based on the physical properties of the snow (depth, density, thermal conductivity, number of layers, degree of wetting, etc.), the world's seasonal snow covers are divided into six classes, plus classes for water and ice fields. Each class is defined by its physical properties, then empirically related to climate using three variables (precipitation, wind, and air temperature). A vegetation proxy was used for wind data: tall vegetation equals low wind, short vegetation equals high wind. seasonal_snow_classification Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Classification 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_01 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_02 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_03 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_04 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_05 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_06 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_07 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_08 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_09 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_10 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_11 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 2005. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid weekly snow cover and sea ice extent version 3. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0046.html. 02 August 2006. Background: Snow cover extent is based on the digital NOAA-NESDIS Weekly Northern Hemisphere Snow Charts, revised by D. Robinson (Rutgers University) (http://climate.rutgers.edu/snowcover/) and regridded to the EASE-Grid. The original NOAA-NESDIS weekly snow charts are derived from the manual interpretation of AVHRR, GOES, and other visible-band satellite data. snow_extent_12 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_01 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_02 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_03 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_04 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_05 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_06 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_07 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_08 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_09 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_10 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_11 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). Armstrong, R.L., M.J. Brodzik, K. Knowles, and M. Savoie. 2005. Global monthly EASE-Grid snow water equivalent climatology. Boulder, CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0271.html. 30 August 2006. Background: Global, monthly snow water equivalent (SWE) climatologies are generated from passive microwave brightness temperature data derived from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) -F8, -F11 and -F13 Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) radiances and gridded to the Northern and Southern 25 km Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grids (EASE-Grids). snow_water_equivalent_12 Arctic Cryosphere Earth Science Northern Hemisphere Polar Snow Cover Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 1012 1012 -10700000 -10700000 14700000 14700000 -179.855268310333 -89.3181405304869 178.996024534873 89.5930272089838 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Abdalati, W. 2007. Greenland ice sheet melt characteristics derived from passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital Media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0218.html. 17 July 2007. Background: The ice sheet melt extent is a daily (or every-other-day, prior to August, 1987) estimate of the spatial extent of wet snow on the Greenland ice sheet derived from passive microwave satellite brightness temperature characteristics using the cross-polarized gradient ratio of Abdalati and Steffen (J. Climate, 1997). It is physically based on the changes in microwave emission characteristics observable in data from the Scanning Multi-channel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). It is not a direct measure of the snow wetness, but rather is a binary indicator of the state of melt of each SMMR and SSM/I pixel on the ice sheet for each day of observation. It is, however a useful proxy for the amount of ablation that occurs on the Greenland ice sheet. Abdalati, W. 2007. Greenland ice sheet melt characteristics derived from passive microwave data. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital Media. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0218.html. 17 July 2007. Background: The ice sheet melt extent is a daily (or every-other-day, prior to August, 1987) estimate of the spatial extent of wet snow on the Greenland ice sheet derived from passive microwave satellite brightness temperature characteristics using the cross-polarized gradient ratio of Abdalati and Steffen (J. Climate, 1997). It is physically based on the changes in microwave emission characteristics observable in data from the Scanning Multi-channel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). It is not a direct measure of the snow wetness, but rather is a binary indicator of the state of melt of each SMMR and SSM/I pixel on the ice sheet for each day of observation. It is, however a useful proxy for the amount of ablation that occurs on the Greenland ice sheet. greenland_surface_melt Cryosphere Earth Science Greenland Ice Sheets Polar Snow Melt 0 0 114 118 -837081.418 -1130786.327 2031324.049 1838687.117 -179.724371524912 65.0917471938267 179.267576918496 82.2840082267087 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Bales, R.C., J.R. McConnell, E. Mosley-Thompson, and G. Lamorey. 2001. Accumulation map for the Greenland Ice Sheet: 1971-1990. Geophysical Research Letters. 28(15): 2967-2970. doi:10.1029/2000GL012052. Available at http://zero.eng.ucmerced.edu/rcbales/PARCA/. 24 October 2006. Background: An updated accumulation map for the Greenland Ice Sheet for the period 1971-1990, based on kriging of accurate in situ point estimates developed during the past decade at over 40 points (shallow ice cores) plus over 200 historical points (from snow pits, probes, shallow cores, and coastal precipitation data), shows an average water accumulation of 300 mm snow water equivalent (SWE) per year. Average uncertainty (standard deviation) in estimates of point accumulation for the interior part of the ice sheet, where the kriging drift surface is well constrained, is approximately 70 mm SWE per year, or 24% of mean accumulation. Because there are multiple cores in most regions, the regional uncertainty in accumulation should be considerably lower than the 70 mm SWE per year average uncertainty at a point. There are still many areas on the ice sheet, including northwest and southern Greenland, where annual accumulation remains poorly constrained. Bales, R.C., J.R. McConnell, E. Mosley-Thompson, and G. Lamorey. 2001. Accumulation map for the Greenland Ice Sheet: 1971-1990. Geophysical Research Letters. 28(15): 2967-2970. doi:10.1029/2000GL012052. Available at http://zero.eng.ucmerced.edu/rcbales/PARCA/. 24 October 2006. Background: An updated accumulation map for the Greenland Ice Sheet for the period 1971-1990, based on kriging of accurate in situ point estimates developed during the past decade at over 40 points (shallow ice cores) plus over 200 historical points (from snow pits, probes, shallow cores, and coastal precipitation data), shows an average water accumulation of 300 mm snow water equivalent (SWE) per year. Average uncertainty (standard deviation) in estimates of point accumulation for the interior part of the ice sheet, where the kriging drift surface is well constrained, is approximately 70 mm SWE per year, or 24% of mean accumulation. Because there are multiple cores in most regions, the regional uncertainty in accumulation should be considerably lower than the 70 mm SWE per year average uncertainty at a point. There are still many areas on the ice sheet, including northwest and southern Greenland, where annual accumulation remains poorly constrained. greenland_accumulation Cryosphere Earth Science Greenland Ice Sheets Polar Snow Accumulation Snow Water Equivalent 0 0 573 593 -837081.418 -1130786.327 2031324.049 1838687.117 -179.836596092188 65.1664483438673 179.269613064936 82.4667598139105 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 1: Measurement, data reduction, and errors. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33773-33780. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 2: Relationship between dynamics and basal topography. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33781-33788. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Background: Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data are a combination of European Remote-Sensing (ERS-1) and Geosat satellite radar altimetry data, Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data, and photogrammetric digital height data. Ice thickness data are based on approximately 700,000 data points collected in the 1990s from a University of Kansas airborne ice penetrating radar (IPR). Nearly 30,000 data points were collected in the 1970s from a Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne echo sounder. Bamber subtracted the ice thickness grid from the DEM to produce a grid of bedrock elevation values. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 1: Measurement, data reduction, and errors. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33773-33780. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 2: Relationship between dynamics and basal topography. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33781-33788. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Background: Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data are a combination of European Remote-Sensing (ERS-1) and Geosat satellite radar altimetry data, Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data, and photogrammetric digital height data. Ice thickness data are based on approximately 700,000 data points collected in the 1990s from a University of Kansas airborne ice penetrating radar (IPR). Nearly 30,000 data points were collected in the 1970s from a Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne echo sounder. Bamber subtracted the ice thickness grid from the DEM to produce a grid of bedrock elevation values. greenland_bedrock_elevation Bedrock Elevation Cryosphere Earth Science Greenland Ice Sheets Ice Sheet Elevation Polar 0 0 599 638 -825267.555 -1151631.237 2173789.735 2041572.863 -179.12303011456 63.0415709487752 179.982766500967 82.4151433839318 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 1: Measurement, data reduction, and errors. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33773-33780. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 2: Relationship between dynamics and basal topography. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33781-33788. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Background: Ice thickness data are based on approximately 700,000 data points collected in the 1990s from a University of Kansas airborne ice penetrating radar (IPR). Nearly 30,000 data points were collected in the 1970s from a Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne echo sounder. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 1: Measurement, data reduction, and errors. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33773-33780. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 2: Relationship between dynamics and basal topography. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33781-33788. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Background: Ice thickness data are based on approximately 700,000 data points collected in the 1990s from a University of Kansas airborne ice penetrating radar (IPR). Nearly 30,000 data points were collected in the 1970s from a Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne echo sounder. greenland_ice_thickness Cryosphere Earth Science Greenland Ice Sheets Ice Sheet Thickness Polar 0 0 599 638 -825267.555 -1151631.237 2173789.735 2041572.863 -179.12303011456 63.0415709487752 179.982766500967 82.4151433839318 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624 Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 1: Measurement, data reduction, and errors. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33773-33780. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 2: Relationship between dynamics and basal topography. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33781-33788. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Background: Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data are a combination of European Remote-Sensing (ERS-1) and Geosat satellite radar altimetry data, Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data, and photogrammetric digital height data. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 1: Measurement, data reduction, and errors. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33773-33780. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2001. A new ice thickness and bed data set for the Greenland ice sheet 2: Relationship between dynamics and basal topography. Journal of Geophysical Research. 106(D24): 33781-33788. Data provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center DAAC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. Available at http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html. 25 October 2006. Background: Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data are a combination of European Remote-Sensing (ERS-1) and Geosat satellite radar altimetry data, Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data, and photogrammetric digital height data. greenland_elevation Cryosphere Earth Science Greenland Ice Sheets Ice Sheet Elevation Polar 0 0 599 638 -825267.555 -1151631.237 2173789.735 2041572.863 -179.12303011456 63.0415709487752 179.982766500967 82.4151433839318 image/tiff urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32661 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3408 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3410 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3411 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3413 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3571 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3572 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3573 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3574 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3575 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3576 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3973 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::3975 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::32624