<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.7.1.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>NSIDC-0303</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Radar Investigations of Antarctic Ice Stream Margins, Siple Dome, 1998</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Nadine A. Nereson</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Radar Investigations of Antarctic Ice Stream Margins, Siple Dome, 1998</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2007-07-06</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0303.html</Online_Resource>
    <Dataset_DOI>http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N52B8VZP</Dataset_DOI>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Nadine</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>A.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Nereson</Last_Name>
    <Email>nadine@geophys.washington.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 206 543-0162 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <Address>Department of Earth and Space Sciences</Address>
      <Address>Box 35130</Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <City>Seattle</City>
      <Province_or_State>WA</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>98195-1310</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Charles</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Raymond</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <Address>Geophysics Program Box 351650</Address>
      <City>Seattle</City>
      <Province_or_State>WA</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>98195</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Spectral/Engineering</Topic>
    <Term>Radar</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Radar Imagery</Variable_Level_1>
    <Detailed_Variable>Bed, Surface, and Internal Layer Geometry</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Spectral/Engineering</Topic>
    <Term>Radar</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Radar Reflectivity</Variable_Level_1>
    <Detailed_Variable>Bed Reflectivity</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Antarctica</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Bed Geometry</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Bed Reflectivity</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Engelhardt Ridge</Keyword>
  <Keyword>GPR</Keyword>
  <Keyword>GPS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Stream</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Stream Margins</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Internal Layer Geometry</Keyword>
  <Keyword>internal layering</Keyword>
  <Keyword>MacAyeal Ice Stream</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Radar</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Shabtaie Ridge</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Siple Dome</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Surface Geometry</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Whillans Ice Stream</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>GPR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Ground Penetrating Radar</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>GPS RECEIVERS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>GPS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Global Positioning System Satellites</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>1998-11-14</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>1998-12-13</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-83.3528</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>-80.1678</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-141.6722</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-138.3697</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>322.703 meters</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>560.816 meters</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ANTARCTICA</Location_Type>
    <Detailed_Location>SIPLE DOME</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Quality>Because the airwave signal swamps the first 1 µs of the data record, the first step in data processing is to remove the mean waveform from the profile to remove the airwave effect and reveal shallow layer information in the first 1 µs. Since the GPS data have not been fully processed, absolute error in vertical elevation could be as large as 50 m, so the displayed elevation scales for the radar profiles should be considered approximate. The profiles displayed in images are based on data files that have been subjected to demeaning and filtering and would therefore not be appropriate for any analyses directed toward accurate assessment of amplitude and phase without careful consideration.</Quality>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Originating_Center>NSIDC_AGDC</Originating_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_AGDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Antarctic Glaciological Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/agdc/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC AGDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_USADCC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC U.S. Antarctic Data Coordination Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/usadcc/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC USADCC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII Text</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Format>MATLAB</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Format>Microsoft Word</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Format>PDF</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Format>Binary</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>519 MB</Distribution_Size>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Fisher, A. M., R. W. Jacobel, N. M. Sundell, and A. M. Gades 1995. Bedrock topography and internal stratigraphy of the Siple Dome summit. EOS, Transactions 76, F194.

Gades, A. M., C. F. Raymond, H. Conway, and R. W. Jacobel. 2000. Bed properties of Siple Dome and adjacent ice streams, West Antarctica, inferred from radio echo-sounding measurements. Journal of Glaciology 46, 88-94.  Jacobel, R., T. Scambos, C. Raymond, and A. Gades. 1996. Changes in the configuration of Ice Stream flow from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research 101, 5499-5504.

Jacobel, R. W., T. A. Scambos, N. A. Nereson, and C. Raymond. 2000. Changes in the margin of Ice Stream C, Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology 46, 102-110.

Jacobson, H. P., and C. F. Raymond. 1998. Thermal effects on the location of ice stream margins. Journal of Geophysical Research 103, 12,111-12,122.

Nereson, N. A. 2000. Elevation of ice stream margin scars after stagnation. Journal of Glaciology 46, 111-118.  Nereson, N. A., and C. F. Raymond 1995. The geometry and stratigraphy of Siple Dome and implications for its history. EOS, Transactions 76.

Nereson, N. A., C. F. Raymond, R. W. Jacobel, and E. D. Waddington. 1997. The history of the spatial accumulation pattern at Siple Dome, West Antarctica, from radar measurements. EOS Transactions, 1997 Fall Meeting Supplement 78, F252.

Nereson, N. A., C. F. Raymond, E. D. Waddington, and R. W. Jacobel. 1998. Migration of the Siple Dome ice divide, West Antarctica. Journal of Glaciology 44 , 643-652.  
Raymond, C., N. Nereson, A. Gades, H. Conway, R. Jacobel, and T. Scambos. 1995. Geometry and stratigraphy of Siple Dome, Antarctica. Antarctic Journal of the United States, 1995 Review 30, 91-93.

Scambos, T., and N. Nereson. 1995. Satellite image and GPS study of the morphology of Siple Dome, Antarctica. Antarctic Journal of the United States, 1995 Review 30, 87-89.</Reference>
  <Summary>This data set consists of surface-based radar measurements, including geometry of the bed, surface, and internal layers, and bed reflectivity measurements at two sites along ice stream margins at Siple Dome, Antarctica. The research is a radar examination of bed reflection characteristics and internal layer geometry in two inter-ice-stream ridges, the Shabtaie Ridge (Ridge D/E) and the Engelhardt Ridge (Ridge B/C), and across margins with the adjacent ice streams, the MacAyeal Ice Stream (Ice Stream E) and the Whillans Ice Stream (Ice Stream B). Investigators collected these radar data from 14 November through 13 December 1998. 

Data are in Microsoft Word, PDF, ASCII text, MATLAB, binary, and various image formats. Investigators have also provided code for MATLAB routines that they used to view the radar data. Data are available via FTP.</Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0274.html</URL>
    <Description>Compilation of Antarctic Radar Data, Siple Coast, 2000-2002</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0282.html</URL>
    <Description>GPR and GPS Data: Characteristics of Snow Megadunes and their Potential Effects on Ice Core Interpretation</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0141.html</URL>
    <Description>Ice Motion and Topography Near Margin Areas of Kamb Ice Stream, Antarctica</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0264.html</URL>
    <Description>Ice Thickness and Internal Layer Depth Along the 2001 and 2002 US ITASE Traverses</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0085.html</URL>
    <Description>Siple Dome Glaciology and Ice Stream History 1994, 1996</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0269.html</URL>
    <Description>US International Trans-Antarctic Scientific Expedition (US ITASE): GPR Profiles and Accumulation Mapping</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>AMD/US</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2007-07-06</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2013-03-18</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History> Added DOI</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
