NSIDC-0280 MODIS Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) Image Map Haran, T., J. Bohlander, T. Scambos, T. Painter, and M. Fahnestock MODIS Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) Image Map 2005-11-02 Boulder, Colorado USA NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0280.html http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5ZK5DM5 Investigator Terry Haran

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0449 Investigator Jennifer Bohlander

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0449 Investigator Ted Scambos scambos@nsidc.org

University of Colorado

Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

Boulder CO 80309-0449 Investigator Thomas Painter

Center for the Study of Earth from Space (CSES)

CIRES, 216 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0216 Investigator Mark Fahnestock mark.fahnestock@unh.edu 1 603 862-0322

University of New Hampshire

Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space

University of New Hampshire

39 College Road

Durham NH 03824-3525 USA Technical Contact NSIDC User Services nsidc@nsidc.org 1 303 492-6199 x 1 303 492-2468 x

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA EARTH SCIENCE Cryosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Firn Snow Grain Size EARTH SCIENCE Cryosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Ice Sheets Surface Morphology Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere Imagery/Base Maps/Earth Cover AGDC Antarctica Aqua MODIS Satellite Imagery Satellites snow grain size Surface Morphology Terra MODIS Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer AQUA Earth Observing System, AQUA SATELLITES TERRA Earth Observing System, TERRA (AM-1) 2003-11-20 2004-02-29 complete -90 -60 -180 180 CONTINENT ANTARCTICA GEOGRAPHIC REGION POLAR 250 m 250 m English NSIDC_AGDC NSIDC National Snow and Ice Data Center http://nsidc.org Data Center Contact NSIDC User Services nsidc@nsidc.org 1 303 492-6199 1 303 492-2468

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA NSIDC_AGDC NSIDC Antarctic Glaciological Data Center http://nsidc.org/agdc/ Data Center Contact NSIDC AGDC User Services nsidc@nsidc.org 1 303 492-6199 1 303 492-2468

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA NSIDC_USADCC NSIDC U.S. Antarctic Data Coordination Center http://nsidc.org/usadcc/ Data Center Contact NSIDC USADCC User Services nsidc@nsidc.org 1 303 492-6199 1 303 492-2468

National Snow and Ice Data Center

CIRES, 449 UCB

University of Colorado

Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA FTP 56 - 4096 MB GeoTIFF FTP 56 - 4096 MB Binary Online (HTTP) JPEG https://nsidc.org/data/moa/assets/map.jpg https://nsidc.org/data/moa/assets/map.jpg Sample Data Image Bindschadler, R. A. and P. L. Vornberger. 1990. AVHRR Imagery reveals Antarctic ice dynamics. EOS 71(23), 741-742. Bohlander, J., T. Scambos, T. Haran, M. Fahnestock. 2004. A New MODIS-based Mosaic of Antarctica: MOA. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 85(47). F452. Bourdelles, B., and M. Fily. 1993. Snow grain-size determination from Landsat imagery over Terre Adélie, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 17, 86-92. Cooper, A. P. R. 1994. A simple shape-from-shading algorithm applied to images of ice-covered terrain. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 32(6), 1196–1198. Dowdeswell, J. A., and McIntyre, N. F. 1987. The surface topography of large ice masses from Landsat imagery. Journal of Glaciology 33(133), 16–33. Greene, N. and P. S. Heckbert. 1986. Creating Raster Omnimax Images from Multiple Perspective Views Using the Elliptical Weighted Average Filter. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 6(6). 21-27. Fahnestock, M. A., R. Bindschadler, R. Kwok, and K. Jezek. 1993. Greenland Ice Sheet surface properties and ice dynamics from ERS-1 SAR imagery. Science 262, 1530–1534. Ferrigno, J. G., J. L. Mullins, J. A. Stapleton, R. A. Bindschadler, T. A. Scambos, L. B. Bellisime, J. A. Bowell, and A. V. Acosta. 1994. Landsat TM image maps of the Shirase and Siple Coast ice streams, West Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 20, 407-412. Fily, M, B. Bourdelles, J. P. Dedieu, and C. Sergent. 1997. Comparison of in situ and Landsat Thematic Mapper derived snow grain characteristics in the Alps. Remote Sensing of Environment 59. 452-460. Haran , T. M., M. A. Fahnestock, and T. A. Scambos. 2002. De-striping of MODIS optical bands for ice sheet mapping and topography. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 88(47). F317. Jezek, K. 1999. Glaciological properties of the Antarctic ice sheet, from Radarsat-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery. Annals of Glaciology 29, 286–290. Merson, R. H., 1989. An AVHRR mosaic image of Antarctica. International Journal of Remote Sensing 10, 669. Nolin, A. W., and J. Dozier. 2000. A hyperspectral method fro remotely sensing the grain size of snow. Remote Sensing of Environment 74(2), 207-216. Orheim, O. and B. Lucchitta. 1988. Numerical analysis of Landsat thematic mapper images of Antarctica: surface temperatures and physical properties. Annals of Glaciology 11, 109. Orheim, O., and B. Lucchitta. 1990. Investigating climate change by digital analysis of blue ice extent on satellite images of Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 14, 211-215. Painter, T., and J. Dozier. 2004. Measurements of the hemispherical-directional reflectance of snow at fine spectral and angular resolution. Journal of Geophysical Research 109, D18115, doi:10.1029/2003JD004458. Ricchiazzi, P., S. Yang, C. Gautier, and D. Sowle. 1998. SBDART: A research and teaching software tool for plane-parallel radiative transfer in the Earth’s atmosphere. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society 79(10), 2101-2114. Scambos, T. A., and R. A. Bindschadler. 1991. Feature map of Ice Streams C, D, and E, West Antarctica. Antarctic Journal of the United States 26(5), 312-314. Scambos, T., G. Kvaran, and M. Fahnestock. 1999. Improving AVHRR resolution through data cumulating for mapping polar ice sheets. Remote Sensing of Environment 69. 56-66. Scambos, T. A., and M. A. Fahnestock. 1998. Improving digital elevation models over ice sheets using AVHRR-based photoclinometry. Journal of Glaciology 44, 97–103. Scambos, T. A., Dutkiewitcz, M. J., Wilson, J. C., and R. A. Bindschadler. 1992. Application of image cross-correlation software to the measurement of glacier velocity using satellite image data. Remote Sensing of Environment 42, 177-186. Scambos, T., T. Haran, M. Fahnestock, T. Painter, and J. Bohlander. 2007. MODIS-based Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) data sets: continent-wide surface morphology and snow grain size. Remote Sensing of Environment. In press. Seko, K., Furukawa, T., Nishio, F., and Watanabe, O. 1993. Undulating topography on the Antarctic ice sheet revealed by NOAA AVHRR images. Annals of Glaciology 17, 55–62. Swithinbank, C., K. Brunk, and J. Sievers. 1988. A glaciological map of Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 11, 150–155. USGS. 1991. Satellite Image Map of Antarctica, 1:5,000,000. Miscellaneous Map Investigation Series I-2284. USGS. 1996. Satellite Image Map of Antarctica, 1:5,000,000. Miscellaneous Map Investigation Series I-2560. Warren, S. 1982. Optical properties of snow. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics 20(1), 67-89. Winther, Jan-G., M. N. Jespersen and G. E. Liston. 2001. Blue-ice areas in Antarctica derived from NOAA AVHRR satellite data. Journal of Glaciology 47(157), 325–334. Wolfe, R. E., M. Nishihama, A. J. Fleig, J. A. Kuyper, D. P. Roy, J. C. Storey and F. S. Patt. 2002. Achieving sub-pixel geolocation accuracy in support of MODIS land science. Remote Sensing of the Environment 83 (1-2), 31-49.

Staff from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) and the University of New Hampshire have assembled two digital image maps of surface morphology and optical snow grain size that cover the Antarctic continent and its surrounding islands. The MODIS Mosaic of Antarctica (MOA) image maps are derived from composites of 260 MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) orbit swaths acquired between 20 November 2003 and 29 February 2004. The MOA provides a cloud-free view of the ice sheet, ice shelves, and land surfaces, and a quantitative measure of optical snow grain size for snow- or ice-covered areas. All land areas larger than a few hundred meters that are south of 60° S are included in the mosaic, as well as persistent fast ice regions and some grounded icebergs present near the coast in the 2003-2004 austral summer. The MOA surface morphology image map is derived from digitally processed MODIS Band 1 data. The optical snow grain size image is compiled using a normalized ratio of atmospherically corrected, calibrated band radiance data from Bands 1 and 2. The data are available via FTP at two spatial grid scales: 750 m (112 MB) and 125 m (4 GB), and via a Web-based map server that can create manually-selected Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images (as of this writing, the Web-based map server has only a qualitative grain size image and not the final grain size data product). Image data on the FTP site include binary 16-bit images that preserve the full radiometric content of the scenes. A complete discussion of data selection, processing, and validation along with examples of data applications are discussed in Scambos et al., 2007.

VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE http://nsidc.org/data/modis/ MODIS Data at NSIDC VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE http://nsidc.org/data/ramp/ RAMP Data at NSIDC VIEW RELATED INFORMATION http://nsidc.org/data/atlas/ Atlas of the Cryosphere VIEW RELATED INFORMATION http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0102.html Images of Antarctic Ice Shelves VIEW RELATED INFORMATION http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0082.html Radarsat Antarctic Mapping Project Digital Elevation Model Version 2 AMD/US CEOS IDN DIF 9.7 2005-11-02 2013-03-18 Added DOI