Greenland 5 km DEM, Ice Thickness, and Bedrock Elevation Grids  View Catalog Page Entry ID
NSIDC-0092
Summary
A Digital Elevation Model (DEM), ice thickness grid, and bedrock elevation grid of Greenland acquired as part of the PARCA program are available in ASCII text format at a 5 km grid spacing in a polar stereographic projection. DEM data are a combination of ERS-1 and Geosat satellite radar altimetry data, Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data, and photogrammetric digital height data. Ice thickness data are based on approximately 700,000 data points collected in the 1990s from a University of Kansas airborne ice penetrating radar (IPR). Nearly 30,000 data points were collected in the 1970s from a Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne echo sounder. Bamber subtracted the ice thickness grid from the DEM to produce a grid of bedrock elevation values. Applications include studies of gravitational driving stress and ice volume (mass balance) of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Each of the three grids is approximately 1.5 MB. Data are available via FTP. Data access is unrestricted, but we recommend that users register with us. Registered users automatically receive e-mail notification of product updates and changes to processing.
Geographic Coverage
Spatial Coordinates:
N: 84°
S: 60°
E: -15°
W: -72°
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Data Set Citation
Dataset Creator: J. Bamber
Dataset Title: Greenland 5 km DEM, Ice Thickness, and Bedrock Elevation Grids
Dataset Release Date: 2001-01-01
Dataset Release Place: Boulder, Colorado USA
Dataset Publisher: NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center
Online Resource: http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0092.html
Temporal Coverage
Start Date: 1970-01-01
Stop Date: 1970-12-01
Start Date: 1993-01-01
Stop Date: 1999-12-31
Location Keywords
- CONTINENT NORTH AMERICA GREENLAND
Science Keywords
- Cryosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation
- Cryosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness
- Cryosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography
- Cryosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Ice Sheets
- Cryosphere Snow/Ice Ice Depth/Thickness
- Land Surface Topography Landforms
- Land Surface Topography Topographical Relief
- Land Surface Topography Topographic Effects
- Terrestrial Hydrosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Glacier Elevation/Ice Sheet Elevation
- Terrestrial Hydrosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Glacier Thickness/Ice Sheet Thickness
- Terrestrial Hydrosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Glacier Topography/Ice Sheet Topography
- Terrestrial Hydrosphere Glaciers/Ice Sheets Ice Sheets
Ancillary Keywords
- Altimetry
- Bedrock Elevation
- DAAC
- Dem
- Digital Elevation Model
- Echo Sounder
- EOSDIS
- Greenland
- Ice Penetrating Radar
- Ice Sheet
- Ice Sheet Elevation
- Ice Thickness
- IPR
- NASA
- PARCA
- Radar
- Surface Elevation
- Topography
Platform
- AIRCRAFT
- DEM Digital Elevation Model
- ERS-1 European Remote Sensing Satellite-1
- GEOSAT Geodetic Satellite
- MAPS
- SATELLITES
Instrument
- ALTIMETERS
- ATM Airborne Topographic Mapper
- ECHO SOUNDERS
- RA ERS Radar Altimeter
- RADAR ALTIMETERS
- RADAR ECHO SOUNDERS
Project
- PARCA Program in Arctic Regional Climate Assessment
Quality
Various methods were applied to improve the accuracy of elevation estimates over the Greenland ice sheet, including waveform tracking, slope correction, data filtering (tests for return-echo waveform shape, backscatter coefficient, and retracking correction values for each altimeter height estimate), and removal of anomalous orbits.
Errors in the estimate of derived ice thickness measurements were determined by comparing the radar-based measurements with those from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project (GISP) and Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice cores. Results showed that radar-based measurements were within 10 m of ice core measurements. No corrections were made for firn effect.
Since elevation and ice thickness data from the 1970s were much less accurate than the 1990s data, errors in the merged grid were most significant where 1970s and 1990s tracks were in close proximity. Errors in the 1970s data did not cause anomalously high ice thickness gradients at a distance of three grid points (15 km) away from the 1990s data, so gridded data points closer than three grid cells to the 1990s data were removed (Bamber, Layberry, and Gogenini 2000). See guide document for a more complete description.
Data Set Progress
complete
Data Center
NASA DAAC at the National Snow and Ice Data Center
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org/daac/index.html
Data Center Personnel
Name: NSIDC User Services
Phone: 1 303 492-6199
Fax: 1 303 492-2468
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- CIRES, 449 UCB
- University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
National Snow and Ice Data Center
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org
Data Center Personnel
Name: NSIDC User Services
Phone: 1 303 492-6199
Fax: 1 303 492-2468
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- CIRES, 449 UCB
- University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Distribution
Distribution Media: FTP
Distribution Size: 4.5 MB
Distribution Format: ASCII Text
Personnel
Jonathan Bamber
Role: INVESTIGATOR
Email: j.l.bamber@bristol.ac.uk
Contact Address:
- Bristol Glaciology Centre
- School of Geographical Sciences
- University Road
- Bristol, BS8 1SS
- UNITED KINGDOM
NSIDC User Services
Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone: 1 303 492-6199 x
Fax: 1 303 492-2468 x
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- CIRES, 449 UCB
- University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Related URL
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Atlas of the Cryosphere
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
GIS Data and Resources at NSIDC
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Polar Ice Sheet DEMs and Elevation Data
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Polar Ice Sheet DEMs and Topographic Data at NSIDC
Reference
Bamber, J.L., S. Ekholm, W.B. Krabill. 2000. A new, high-resolution digital elevation model of Greenland fully validated with airborne laser altimeter data. Journal of Geophysical Research. In press.
Bamber, J.L., R.L. Layberry, S.P. Gogenini. 2000. A new ice thickness and bedrock dataset for the Greenland ice sheet: part I. Journal of Geophysical Research. In press.
Bamber, J.L., Ekholm, S., and Krabill, W. B. 1998. The accuracy of satellite radar altimeter data over the Greenland ice sheet determined from airborne laser data, Geophysical Research Letters. 25(16): 3177-3180.
Bamber, J.L. and R.A. Bindschadler. 1997. An improved elevation dataset for climate and ice-sheet modelling: validation with satellite imagery. Annals of Glaciology 25:438-444.
Bamber, J.L. and P. Huybrechts. 1996. Geometric boundary conditions for modelling the velocity field of the Antarctic ice sheet. Annals of Glaciology 23:364-373.
Bamber, J. and C. Bentley. 1994. A comparison of satellite-altimetry and ice thickness measurements of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 20:357-364.
Bamber, J. 1994. A digital elevation model of the Antarctic ice sheet derived from ERS-1 altimeter data and comparison with terrestrial measurements. Annals of Glaciology 20:48-54.
Bamber, J. 1994. Ice sheet altimeter processing scheme. International Journal of Remote Sensing 15:925-938.
Bogorodskiy, V.V., C.R. Bentley, P.E. Gudmandsen. 1985. Radioglaciology. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company.
Brenner, A.C., R.A. Bindschadler, R.H. Thomas, H.J. Zwally. 1983. Slope-induced errors in radar altimetry over continental ice sheets. Journal of Geophysical Research 88:1617-1623.
Davis C.H., H.J. Zwally. 1993. Geographic and seasonal variations in the surface properties of the ice sheets by satellite radar altimetry. Journal of Glaciology 39:687-697.
Gogineni, S., D. Tammana, D. Braaten, C. Leuschen, T. Atkins, J. Legarsky, P. Kanagaratnam, J. Stiles, C. Allen, and K. Jezek. 2000. Coherent radar ice thickness measurements over the Greenland Ice Sheet. Journal of Geophysical Research. In press.
Hodge, S.M., D.L. Wright, J.A. Bradley, R. W. Jacobel, N. Skou, and B. Vaughn. 1990. Determination of the surface and bed topography in central Greenland. Journal of Glaciology 36(122):17-30.
Weng, W.L. 1995. Untitled. Arctic 48(2):206.
Zwally, H.J., R.A. Bindschadler, A.C. Brenner, T.V. Martin, R.H. Thomas. 1983. Surface elevation contours of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Journal of Geophysical Research 88(C3):1589-1596.
Metadata Name and Version
Metadata Name: CEOS IDN DIF
Metadata Version: 9.7
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date: 2001-01-01
Last DIF Revision Date: 2012-07-19
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