Arctic EASE-Grid Freeze and Thaw Depths, 1901 - 2002  View Catalog Page Entry ID
GGD651
Summary
This data set contains mean, median, minimum and maximum freeze and thaw depths for each year from 1901 to 2002 on the 25 km resolution Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grid (EASE-Grid) for areas north of 50 deg. Freeze and thaw depths are estimated using a variant of the Stefan solution using an edaphic factor and freezing or thawing indices as inputs. The edaphic factor is estimated based on different land surface types; the freezing and thawing indices are from Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid annual freezing and thawing indices, 1901 - 2002 (Zhang, et al. 2005).
Two ASCII files are available for each year for freeze depth and thaw depth, respectively. Each file is approximately 25.6 MB in size. In addition, there is one 10.5 MB ASCII file defining the latitude and longitude coordinates for each grid point. The data set is available via FTP as three compressed files.
Geographic Coverage
Spatial Coordinates:
N: 90°
S: 50°
E: 180°
W: -180°
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Data Set Citation
Dataset Creator: Zhang, T., J. McCreight, and R.G. Barry
Dataset Title: Arctic EASE-Grid Freeze and Thaw Depths, 1901 - 2002
Dataset Release Date: 2006-01-31
Dataset Release Place: Boulder, Colorado USA
Dataset Publisher: NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center
Online Resource: http://nsidc.org/data/ggd651.html
Temporal Coverage
Start Date: 1901-01-01
Stop Date: 2002-12-31
Location Keywords
- GEOGRAPHIC REGION ARCTIC
Science Keywords
- Cryosphere Frozen Ground Active Layer
- Land Surface Frozen Ground Active Layer Freeze/Thaw Depth
Ancillary Keywords
- edaphic factor
- Freeze depth
- Freezing Degree Days
- Freezing Index
- Seasonal Thaw Layer
- Stefan solution
- Thaw Depth
- Thaw Depth Measurements
- Thaw Depths
- Thawing Degree-day
- Thawing Degree Days
- Thawing Index
- Geoscientific Information
Quality
The relationship between freeze/thaw depth and freezing and thawing indices has been demonstrated in several places. For example, Brown et al. (2000) review the relationship between thaw depth and the annual thawing index. Romanovsky and Osterkamp (1995), Zhang et al. (1997), Nelson et al. (1998), Klene et al. (2001), and Hinkel and Nelson (2003) all demonstrate the general validity of the approach. Nelson et al. (1997) used the approach to map to map active layer depth for the Kuparuk River Basin in Alaska. Zhang et al. (2005b) also use the approach to map active layer depth in the Ob, Yenisey, and Lena River Basins of Russia.
The quality of the input freezing and thawing indices is described in Frauenfeld, et al. (submitted) and in the documentation for the data set. The investigators conclude they are adequate for broad scale analysis. The difficulty lies in calculating the edaphic factors. There is some uncertainty in the estimation of the edaphic factors as discussed in Zhang et al. (2005b). Overall this approach is reasonable for broad scale calculations and for estimating the response of freeze and thaw depth to different climatological factors.
Data Set Progress
complete
Originating Center
NSIDC_FGDC
Data Center
National Snow and Ice Data Center
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org
Data Center Personnel
Name: NSIDC User Services
Phone: 1 303 492-6199
Fax: 1 303 492-2468
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- CIRES, 449 UCB
- University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
NSIDC Frozen Ground Data Center
Data Center URL: http://nsidc.org/fgdc/
Data Center Personnel
Name: NSIDC FGDC User Services
Phone: 1 303 492-6199
Fax: 1 303 492-2468
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- CIRES, 449 UCB
- University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Distribution
Distribution Media: FTP
Distribution Size: 479.4 MB
Distribution Format: ASCII Text
Personnel
Tingjun Z Zhang
Role: INVESTIGATOR
Phone: 1 303 492-6199 x
Fax: 1 303 492-2359 x
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- University of Colorado
- National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology
- UCB449
City: Boulder
Province or State: Colorado
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
R. G. Barry
Role: INVESTIGATOR
Contact Address:
- University of Colorado
- National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology
- 449 UCB
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
NSIDC User Services
Role: TECHNICAL CONTACT
Phone: 1 303 492-6199 x
Fax: 1 303 492-2468 x
Email: nsidc@nsidc.org
Contact Address:
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- CIRES, 449 UCB
- University of Colorado
City: Boulder
Province or State: CO
Postal Code: 80309-0449
Country: USA
Related URL
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
All About EASE-Grid
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid Annual Freezing and Thawing Indices, 1901 - 2002
Reference
Brown, J., K. M. Hinkel, and F. E. Nelson. 2000. The Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) program: Research designs and initial results. Polar Geogr., 24(3), 163-258.
Frauenfeld, O. W., T. Zhang, and J. L. McCreight. Submitted. Climatology and variability of the 20th century Northern Hemisphere freezing/thawing index. International Journal of Climatology.
Hinkel, K. M., and F. E. Nelson. 2003. Spatial and temporal patterns of active layer thickness at Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) sites in northern Alaska, 1995-2000. J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 8168. doi:10.1029/2001JD000927.
Klene, A. E., F. E. Nelson, N. I. Shiklomanov, and K. M. Hinkel. 2001. The N-factor in natural landscapes: Variability of air and soil-surface temperatures, Kuparuk River Basin, Alaska. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 33(2), 140-148.
Knowles, K. 2004. EASE-Grid land cover data resampled from AVHRR Global 1 km land cover, Version 2, March 1992 - April 1993. Boulder CO, USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital Media.
Mitchell T. D. and P. D. Jones. 2005. An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids. International Journal of Climatology 25, 693-712. Nelson, F. E., N. I. Shiklomanov, G. R. Mueller, K. M. Hinkel, D. A. Walker, and J. G. Bockheim. 1997. Estimating active-layer thickness over a large region: Kuparuk River basin, Alaska, U.S.A. Arct. Alp. Res., 29(4), 367-378.
Nelson, F. E., and S. I. Outcalt. 1987. A computational method for prediction and regionalization of permafrost. Arct. Alp. Res., 19, 279-288.
Nelson, F. E., S. I. Outcalt, J. Brown, N. I. Shiklomanov, and K. M. Hinkel. 1998. Spatial and temporal attributes of the active-layer thickness record, Barrow, Alaska, U.S.A., in Lewkowicz, A. and M. Allard (editors). 1998. Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Permafrost pp. 797-802, Ste-Foy, Canada: Cent. d'Etudes Nordique, Univ. Laval.
Romanovsky, V. E., and T. E. Osterkamp. 1995. Interannual variations of the thermal regime of the active layer and near-surface permafrost in Northern Alaska. Permafrost Periglacial Proc., 6, 313-335.
Zhang, T., O. W. Frauenfeld, J. McCreight, and R. G. Barry. 2005a. Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid annual freezing and thawing indices, 1901 - 2002. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media.
Zhang, T., O. W. Frauenfeld, M. C. Serreze, A. Etringer, C. Oelke, J. McCreight, R. G. Barry, D. Gilichinsky, D. Yang, H. Ye, F. Ling, and S. Chudinova. 2005b. Spatial and temporal variability in active layer thickness over the Russian Arctic drainage basin. J Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, D16101. doi:10.1029/2004JD005642. Zhang, T., T. E. Osterkamp, and K. Stamnes. 1997. Effects of climate on the active layer and permafrost on the north slope of Alaska, U.S.A. Permafrost Periglacial Proc., 8, 45-67.
Metadata Name and Version
Metadata Name: CEOS IDN DIF
Metadata Version: 9.7
Creation and Review Dates
DIF Creation Date: 2006-01-31
Last DIF Revision Date: 2012-09-18
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