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  <Entry_ID>GGD604</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Permafrost Map of Canada</Entry_Title>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>J.</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>Alan</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Heginbottom</Last_Name>
    <Email>heginbottom@gsc.emr.ca</Email>
    <Phone>1 613 992-7813 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 613  992-2468 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Natural Resources Canada</Address>
      <Address>Terrain Science Division</Address>
      <Address>601 Booth Street</Address>
      <City>Ottawa</City>
      <Province_or_State>Ontario</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>K1A 0E8</Postal_Code>
      <Country>Canada</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Frozen Ground</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ground Ice</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Frozen Ground</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Permafrost</Variable_Level_1>
    <Detailed_Variable>Permafrost Temperature</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Frozen Ground</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Soil Temperature</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Permafrost</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Land Surface</Topic>
    <Term>Frozen Ground</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ground Ice</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Land Surface</Topic>
    <Term>Frozen Ground</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Permafrost</Variable_Level_1>
    <Detailed_Variable>Permafrost Temperature</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Land Surface</Topic>
    <Term>Frozen Ground</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Soil Temperature</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Keyword>Canada</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Permafrost classifications</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Permafrost depth</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Permafrost regions</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Permafrost Temperature</Keyword>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>50</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>85</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-142</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-65</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>NORTH AMERICA</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>CANADA</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>CANADA</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_FGDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Frozen Ground Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/fgdc/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC FGDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
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    <Distribution_Format>JPEG</Distribution_Format>
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  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Format>PDF</Distribution_Format>
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  <Reference>Allard, M. and M.K. Seguin. 1987. Le pergélisol au Québec nordique: bilan et perspectives. Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41(1): 141-152.

Bostock, H.S. 1970. Physiographic Regions of Canada. Map 1254A. Scale 1:5,000,000. Energy Mines and Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada. Ottawa, Canada.

 Brown, R.J.E. 1978. Permafrost/Pergélisol. Hydrological Atlas of Canada / Atlas hydrologique du Canada. Plate 32. Scale 1:10,000,000. Fisheries and Environment Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

Canada, National Research Council of Canada, Associate Committee on Geotechnical Research, Permafrost Subcommittee. 1988. Glossary of Permafrost and Related Ground-Ice Terms. Technical Memorandum No. 142. Ottawa, Canada.

Harris, S.A. 1986. Permafrost distribution, zonation and stability along the Eastern Ranges of the Cordillera of North America. Arctic 39(1): 29-38.

Heginbottom, J.A. 1984. The Mapping of Permafrost. The Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien 28(1): 78-83.

Heginbottom, J.A. and L.K. Radburn (comp). 1992. Permafrost and Ground Ice Conditions of Northwestern Canada / Conditions rélatives au pergélisol et à la glace de sol du nord-ouest du Canada. Map 1691A. Scale 1: 1,000,000. Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

Pelletier, B.R. (ed.). 1987. Marine Science Atlas of the Beaufort Sea: geology and geophysics / Atlas des sciences marines de la mer de Beaufort : géologie et géophysique. Miscellaneous Report 40. Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. 

Taylor, A.E., M.M. Burgess, A.S. Judge, and V.S. Allen. 1982. Canadian Geothermal Data Collection - Norther Wills 1981 / Recueil des données géothermiques canadiennes - puits dexploration dans le grand nord 1981. Geothermal Series Number 13. Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. 

Young, S.E. and A.S. Judge. 1985. Ground Temperature Data Collection for Northern Canada. Unpublished paper prepared for the McGill University Workshop on Thermal Regimes in Northern Canada. Montreal, Canada.</Reference>
  <Summary>This map depicts the distribution, characteristics, and boundaries of permafrost and ground ice in Canada. Permafrost classification is based on the proportion of land that is underlain by permafrost within a a given area.Canada was divided into physiographic units, and each unit was classified in terms of permafrost extent and ground ice content. The map shows mountain permafrost as sporadic or isolated discontinuous permafrost, rather than as a separate category. 

This map can be found in the The National Atlas of Canada, 5th Edition (1978-95) published by Natural Resources Canada.

The map and descriptive information was taken from the National Atlas of Canada website http://atlas.gc.ca. © 2002. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada with permission of Natural Resources Canada.</Summary>
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  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
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