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  <Entry_ID>G02182</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Sea Ice Edge Location and Extent in the Russian Arctic, 1933-2006</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Mahoney, A. </Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Sea Ice Edge Location and Extent in the Russian Arctic, 1933-2006</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2008-06-30</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/g02182.html</Online_Resource>
    <Dataset_DOI>http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5W37T8Z</Dataset_DOI>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Mahoney</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>CIRES/University of Colorado at Boulder</Address>
      <Address>National  Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Edges</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Extent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Edges</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Extent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Keyword>AARI</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Chart</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Russian Arctic</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Extent</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>INFRARED RADIOMETERS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>MR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>MICROWAVE RADIOMETER</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>RADIOMETERS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>SAR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Synthetic Aperture Radar</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>SLAR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Side-Looking Airborne Radar</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>VISIBLE SPECTROMETER</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>VISUAL OBSERVATIONS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>AIRCRAFT</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>BUOYS</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>GROUND STATIONS</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SATELLITES</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>1933-07-01</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2006-12-31</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>65</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>90</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>40</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>145</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>EUROPE</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>EASTERN EUROPE</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>RUSSIA</Location_Subregion2>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>BARENTS SEA</Location_Subregion1>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>CHUKCHI SEA</Location_Subregion1>
  </Location>
  <Data_Resolution>
    <Latitude_Resolution>1 degree</Latitude_Resolution>
    <Temporal_Resolution>10 days</Temporal_Resolution>
  </Data_Resolution>
  <Quality>The location of the ice edges in the ice charts that were used to calculate the ice extent have been inspected manually for accuracy and corrected where necessary.</Quality>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Originating_Center>NSIDC</Originating_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_NOAA</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/noaa/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC NOAA</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>0.04 - 5 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII Text</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Mahoney, A, R.G. Barry, V. Smolyanitsky and F. Fetterer, submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008. 

Taylor, J. 1997. Introduction to Error Analysis, the Study of Uncertainties in Physical Measurements, 2nd Edition.</Reference>
  <Summary>The Sea Ice Edge Location and Extent in the Russian Arctic, 1933-2006 data are derived from sea ice charts from the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), St. Petersburg, Russia. Provided here are sea ice edge locations, where identifiable, in each AARI ice chart and monthly and seasonal mean sea ice extents for each of the marginal seas in the Russian Arctic derived from these ice edges. The original AARI charts were constructed primarily to assist operations in the Northern Sea Route. The digital version, from which this data set is derived, is titled Sea Ice Charts of the Russian Arctic in Gridded Format, 1933-2006.

Spatial and temporal coverage vary. There is generally a chart every 10 days. However, the early part of the series only covers summer; in later years, coverage is year round. Sea ice edge position is given in decimal degrees (latitude at every degree longitude from about 30° W to 150° W going from west to east) for each of the 2877 ice charts. Landfast ice edge, multiyear ice edge, and pack ice edge data are available. Total ice cover and multiyear ice cover mean sea ice extent data, for each year, month, and marginal sea, is available as well, along with companion error statistic files.</Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/g02186.html</URL>
    <Description>Multisensor Analyzed Sea Ice Extent - Northern Hemisphere (MASIE-NH)</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/g02172.html</URL>
    <Description>National Ice Center Arctic Sea Ice Charts and Climatologies in Gridded Format</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/g02172.html</URL>
    <Description>National Ice Center Arctic Sea Ice Charts and Climatologies in Gridded Format.</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/g02176.html</URL>
    <Description>Sea Ice Charts of the Russian Arctic in Gridded Format</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/g02176.html</URL>
    <Description>Sea Ice Charts of the Russian Arctic in Gridded Format, 1933-2006</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2008-06-30</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2013-03-12</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History> Added DOI to metadata record</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
