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  <Entry_ID>ARCSS138</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Global Snow-Water-Equivalent Depth Coefficient-of-Variation Classification</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Glen E. Liston</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Global Snow-Water-Equivalent Depth Coefficient-of-Variation Classification</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2005-01-20</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/arcss138.html</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Glen</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>E.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Liston</Last_Name>
    <Email>liston@tachu.atmos.colostate.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 970 491-7473 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Department of Atmospheric Science</Address>
      <Address>Colorado State University</Address>
      <City>Fort Collins</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80523</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Cover</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Depth</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Melt</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Water Equivalent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Cover</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Depth</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Melt</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Water Equivalent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>ADCC</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ARCSS138</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic System Science Data Coordination Center</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ATLAS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>FWI</Keyword>
  <Keyword>LAII</Keyword>
  <Keyword>National Science Foundation</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NSF</Keyword>
  <Keyword>OPP-0229973</Keyword>
  <Keyword>OPP-9415386</Keyword>
  <Keyword>OPP-9732077</Keyword>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>1994-01-01</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2004-01-01</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-90</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>90</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-180</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>180</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>GLOBAL</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>GLOBAL LAND</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>ARCSS/LAII</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Arctic System Science/Land-Atmosphere-Ice Interaction</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>ARCSS/LAII/ATLAS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Arctic System Science/LAII/Arctic Transitions in the Land-Atmosphere System</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_ARCSS</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Arctic System Science Data Coordination Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/arcss/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC ARCSS</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>2.2 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>Binary</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Liston, G. E. 2004. Representing subgrid snow cover heterogeneities in regional and global models. Journal of Climate 17(6): 1381-97.</Reference>
  <Summary>This data set provides a global distribution of nine subgrid snow-depth-variability categories and a coefficient of variation applicable to each category, as the result of the Subgrid SNOW Distribution (SSNOWD) submodel that defines subgrid snow-depth and snow-cover variability. This data set provides the distribution of those nine categories and their coefficient-of-variation values on a global, 2.5 arc-min latitude-longitude (approximately 5-km) grid. The time period covered is 1 January 1994 through 1 January 2004.

The SSNOWD submodel was formulated to improve the depiction of autumn through spring land-atmosphere interactions and feedbacks within global weather, climate, and hydrologic models. From both atmospheric and hydrologic perspectives, the subgrid snow-depth distribution is an important quantity to account for within large-scale models. In the natural system, these subgrid snow-depth distributions are largely responsible for the mosaic of snow-covered and snow-free areas that develop as the snow melts, and the impacts of these fractional areas must be quantified in order to realistically simulate grid-averaged surface fluxes. SSNOWD's formulation incorporates observational studies showing that snow distributions can be described by a lognormal distribution and the snow-depth coefficient-of-variation (CV). Using an understanding of the physical processes that lead to these observed snow-depth variations, a global distribution of nine subgrid snow-depth-variability categories was developed, and coefficient-of-variation values were assigned to each category based on published measurements.  Data are in binary format.</Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW RELATED INFORMATION</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/arcss045.html</URL>
    <Description>Global Seasonal Snow Classification System</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2005-01-20</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2011-09-02</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History>Fixed the data citation.</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
