<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.7.1.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>ARCSS077</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Physical and Chemical Properties from Selected Expeditions in the Arctic Ocean</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Swift, James H., compiler</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Physical and Chemical Properties from Selected Expeditions in the Arctic Ocean</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2002-01-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/arcss077.html</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>James</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>H.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Swift</Last_Name>
    <Email>jswift@ucsd.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 619 534-3387 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 619  534-7383 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Scripps Institution of Oceanography</Address>
      <Address>University of California San Diego</Address>
      <Address>Physical Oceanography Research Division; 0214</Address>
      <Address>Mail Code 0214</Address>
      <Address>9500 Gilman Drive</Address>
      <City>La Jolla</City>
      <Province_or_State>CA</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>92093-0214</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Knut</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Aagaard</Last_Name>
    <Email>aagaard@apl.washington.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 206 543-8942 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 206  543-3521 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <Address>Applied Physics Laboratory, Polar Science Center</Address>
      <Address>1013 NE 40th Street</Address>
      <Address>Box 355640</Address>
      <City>Seattle</City>
      <Province_or_State>WA</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>98105-6698</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Leif</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>G.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Anderson</Last_Name>
    <Email>leif@amc.gu.se</Email>
    <Phone>46  31 772 2774 </Phone>
    <Fax>46   31 772 2785 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Department of Analytical and Marine Chemistry</Address>
      <Address>Göteborg University</Address>
      <Address>S-412 96 Göteborg</Address>
      <Address>SWEDEN</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>George</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Anderson</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Scripps Institution of Oceanography</Address>
      <Address>University of California San Diego</Address>
      <Address>Physical Oceanography Research Division; 0214</Address>
      <Address>Mail Code 0214</Address>
      <Address>9500 Gilman Drive</Address>
      <City>La Jolla</City>
      <Province_or_State>CA</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>92093-0214</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Göran</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Björk</Last_Name>
    <Email>gobj@oce.gu.se</Email>
    <Phone>46  31 773 2870 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Department of Oceanography</Address>
      <Address>Göteborg University</Address>
      <Address>Box 460</Address>
      <Address>S-405 30 Göteborg</Address>
      <Address>SWEDEN</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Edward</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>C.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Carmack</Last_Name>
    <Email>carmack@ios.bc.ca</Email>
    <Phone>1 604 363 6585 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 514  363 6390 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Institute of Ocean Sciences</Address>
      <Address>9860 West Saanich Road</Address>
      <Address>P.O. Box 6000</Address>
      <Address>Sidney, BC  V8L-4B2</Address>
      <Address>CANADA</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Ola</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Holby</Last_Name>
    <Email>Ola.Holby@kau.se</Email>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Division for Engineering Sciences, Physics, and Mathematics</Address>
      <Address>Karlstad University</Address>
      <Address>SE-651 88 Karlstad</Address>
      <Address>SWEDEN</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>E.</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>Peter</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Jones</Last_Name>
    <Email>JonesP@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca</Email>
    <Phone>1 902 426-3869 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Bedford Institute of Oceanography</Address>
      <Address>P.O. Box 1006</Address>
      <Address>Dartmouth, NS  B2Y 4A2</Address>
      <Address>CANADA</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Gerhard</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kattner</Last_Name>
    <Email>gkattner@awi-bremerhaven.de</Email>
    <Phone>49  471-4831-1490 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Alfred Wegener Institute</Address>
      <Address>Foundation for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven</Address>
      <Address>(Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung)</Address>
      <Address>Postfach 12 0161</Address>
      <Address>D-27515 Bremerhaven</Address>
      <Address>GERMANY</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Klaus</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>Peter</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Koltermann</Last_Name>
    <Email>klaus-peter.koltermann@m5.hamburg.bsh.d400.de</Email>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency of Germany</Address>
      <Address>(Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie)</Address>
      <Address>Bernhard-Nocht Straße 78</Address>
      <Address>20359 Hamburg</Address>
      <Address>GERMANY</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Bengt</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Liljebladh</Last_Name>
    <Email>beli@oce.gu.se</Email>
    <Phone>46  31 773 2862 </Phone>
    <Fax>46   31 773 2888 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Department of Oceanography</Address>
      <Address>Göteborg University</Address>
      <Address>Box 460</Address>
      <Address>S-405 30 Göteborg</Address>
      <Address>SWEDEN</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Roger</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Lindegren</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Department of Analytical and Marine Chemistry</Address>
      <Address>Göteborg University</Address>
      <Address>S-412 96 Göteborg</Address>
      <Address>SWEDEN</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>R. (Robie)</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>W.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Macdonald</Last_Name>
    <Email>robie@ios.bc.ca</Email>
    <Phone>1 250 363-6517 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Institute of Ocean Sciences</Address>
      <Address>9860 West Saanich Road</Address>
      <Address>P.O. Box 6000</Address>
      <Address>Sidney, BC  V8L-4B2</Address>
      <Address>CANADA</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Humfrey</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Melling</Last_Name>
    <Email>melling@ios.bc.ca</Email>
    <Phone>1 250 363-6552 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 250  363-6746 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address> Institute of Ocean Sciences</Address>
      <Address>Science Branch - Pacific Region</Address>
      <Address>Institute of Ocean Sciences</Address>
      <Address>9860 West Saanich Road</Address>
      <Address>P.O. Box 6000</Address>
      <Address>Sidney, BC  V8L-4B2</Address>
      <Address>CANADA</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Bert</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Rudels</Last_Name>
    <Email>rudels@fimr.fi</Email>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Finnish Institute of Marine Research</Address>
      <Address>P.O. Box 33</Address>
      <Address>FIN-00931 Helsinki</Address>
      <Address>FINLAND</Address>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Ocean Chemistry</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Nitrate</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Ocean Chemistry</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Nitrite</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Ocean Chemistry</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Oxygen</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Ocean Chemistry</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>pH</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Ocean Chemistry</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Silicate</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Ocean Temperature</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Water Temperature</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Salinity/Density</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Conductivity</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Salinity/Density</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Salinity</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Keyword>AIWEX</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Amundsen Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ARCSS077</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic Internal Wave Experiment</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic Ocean Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic System Science Data Coordination Center</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Barents Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Beaufort Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Bottle Rosettes</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Canada Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent Cruise</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Chukchi Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Conductivity Temperature Depth Probes</Keyword>
  <Keyword>CTD probes</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Depth Probes</Keyword>
  <Keyword>East Siberian Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>EUBEX</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Eurasian Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Eurasion Basin Experiment</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Fram</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Fram Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Fram Strait</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Greenland Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ice islands</Keyword>
  <Keyword>International Research</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Kara Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Laptev Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Lomonosov Ridge Experiment</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Lorex</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Makarov Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Nansen Basin</Keyword>
  <Keyword>National Science Foundation</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NOGAP</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Northern Oil and Gas Action Program</Keyword>
  <Keyword>North Pole</Keyword>
  <Keyword>North Water Polynya</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Norwegian</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Norwegian Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NSF</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NSIDC</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Oceanographic Data</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Chemistry Measurements</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Conductivity Measurements</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Nitrate Concentrations</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Nitrite Concentrations</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Oxygen Concentrations</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ocean water pH measurements</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Phosphorus Concentrations</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Salinity Measurements</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Silicate Concentrations</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ocean Water Temperature Measurements</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Oden 91</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Peary Channel</Keyword>
  <Keyword>PFS Polarstern</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Profile Data</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Russian</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Scripps Institute for Oceanography</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Shipboard Measurements</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Spitsbergen</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Swedish Arctic Expedition</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Water Bottles</Keyword>
  <Keyword>WODS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>YMER-80</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>CTD</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Conductivity, Temperature, Depth</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>WATER BOTTLES</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>HELICOPTER</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SHIPS</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>1950-01-01</Start_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>in work</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>70</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>90</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-180</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>180</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>POLAR</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>BARENTS SEA</Location_Subregion1>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>BEAUFORT SEA</Location_Subregion1>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>CHUKCHI SEA</Location_Subregion1>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ATLANTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN</Location_Subregion1>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>OCEAN</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ATLANTIC OCEAN</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>NORWEGIAN SEA</Location_Subregion2>
  </Location>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>AIDJEX</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>EUBEX</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Eurasian Basin Experiment</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_ARCSS</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Arctic System Science Data Coordination Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/arcss/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC ARCSS</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII Text</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Summary>This data collection includes measurements of temperature, salinity, conductivity, pH, and concentrations of silicate, oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, and phosphorus in the Arctic Ocean.  The data were collected sporadically since 1950, from icebreakers, research vessels, and ice camps using traditional wire casts, CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) casts, and CTD/rosette casts. Also included are positional data and, for some expeditions, derived measurements of oxygen, nutrients, and alkalinity.  The data are in NODC .SD2 and .F022 formats. The purpose of this data collection is to preserve and distribute physical and chemical data from the Arctic Ocean that have been gathered through a cooperative international effort involving the United States, Canada, Germany, Sweden, and Russia.</Summary>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2002-01-01</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2012-09-18</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History>deleted invalid URL in Related URL field</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
