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  <Entry_ID>NSIDC-0399</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Late Holocene Climate Variability, Dry Valleys, Antarctica</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Karl Kreutz</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Late Holocene Climate Variability, Dry Valleys, Antarctica</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2009-07-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0399.html</Online_Resource>
    <Dataset_DOI>http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5FF3Q92</Dataset_DOI>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Karl</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kreutz</Last_Name>
    <Email>karl.kreutz@maine.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 207 581-3011 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>University of Maine</Address>
      <Address>Climate Change Institute</Address>
      <Address>236 Sawyer Environmental Research Center</Address>
      <City>Orono</City>
      <Province_or_State>ME</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>04469</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Paul</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>A.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Mayewski</Last_Name>
    <Email>paul.mayewski@maine.edu</Email>
    <Email>climatechange@maine.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 207 581-3019 </Phone>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Climate Change Institute</Address>
      <Address>Department of Earth Sciences</Address>
      <Address>Climate Change Institute</Address>
      <Address>Department of Earth Sciences</Address>
      <Address>University of Maine</Address>
      <City> Orono</City>
      <Province_or_State>ME</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>04469</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Glaciers/Ice Sheets</Term>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Glaciers/Ice Sheets</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Glaciers</Variable_Level_1>
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  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Glaciers/Ice Sheets</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Sheets</Variable_Level_1>
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  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow/Ice Chemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow/Ice Temperature</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow/Ice Chemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow/Ice Temperature</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>AWS Climate Data</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Climate</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Climate Research</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Climate Variation</Keyword>
  <Keyword>GPS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Cores</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Paleoclimate</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>AWS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Automated Weather System</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>GPS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Global Positioning System</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>HUMIDITY SENSORS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>PRESSURE SENSORS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>TEMPERATURE SENSORS</Short_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>FIELD INVESTIGATION</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>FIELD SURVEYS</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>GPS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Global Positioning System Satellites</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>LABORATORY</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>2003-10-18</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2003-12-10</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>2004-10-12</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2004-12-15</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>2005-10-10</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2005-12-15</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-78.08</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>-77.3</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>161.04</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>163.03</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ANTARCTICA</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
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      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_AGDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Antarctic Glaciological Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/agdc/</Data_Center_URL>
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      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC AGDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>1.5 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>Microsoft Word</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>15 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>Microsoft Excel</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>5 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII Text</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Arcone, S. A. and K. J. Kreutz. 2009. GPR reflection profiles of Clark and Commonwealth Glaciers, Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 50(51): 112-120.

Bertler, N. A. N., P. Barrett, P. A. Mayewski, R. Fogt, K. J. Kreutz and J. Shulmeister. 2005. Reply to comment by Doran et al. on El Nino suppresses Antarctic warming. Geophysical Research Letters 32: doi:10.1029/2005GL022595.

Bertler, N. A. N., P. J. Barrett, P. A. Mayewski, R. L. Fogt, K. J. Kreutz and J. Shulmeister. 2004. El Nino suppresses Antarctic warming. Geophysical Research Letters 31(L15207): doi:10.1029/2004GL020749.

 Bertler, N. A. N., P. J. Barrett, P. A. Mayewski, R. L. Fogt, K. J. Kreutz and J. Shulmseister. 2005. Reply to comment by Doran et al. on 'El Nino suppresses Antarctic warming'. Geophysical Research Letters 32: doi:10.1029/2005GL022595.

 Bertler, N. A. N., P. A. Mayewski, A. Aristarain, P. Barrett, S. Becagli, R. Bernardo, S. Bo, M. Curran, D. Qin, D. Dixon, F. Ferron, H. Fischer, M. Frey, M. Frezzoti, F. Fundel, C. Genthon, R. Gragnani, G. Hamilton, M. Handley, S. Hong, E. Isaksson, J. Kang, J. Ren, K. Kamiyama, S. Kanamori, E. Karkas, L. Karlof, S. Kaspari, K. J. Kreutz, A. Kurbatov, E. Meyerson, Y. Ming, M. Zhang, H. Motoyama, R. Mulvaney, H. Oerter, E. Osterberg, M. Proposito, A. Pyne, U. Ruth, J. Simoes, B. Smith, S. Sneed, K. Teinila, F. Traufetter, R. Udisti, A. Virkkula, O. Watanabe, B. Williamson, J.-G. Winther, Y. Li, E. Wolff, Z. Li and A. Zielinski. 2005. Snow chemistry across Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 41: 167-179.

 Bertler, N. A. N., P. A. Mayewski, P. J. Barrett, S. Sneed, M. Handley and K. J. Kreutz. 2004. Monsoonal circulation of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Ross Sea Region, Antarctica: signal from the snow chemistry. Annals of Glaciology 39: 135-145.

 Bertler, N. A. N., T. R. Naish, H. Oerter, J. Kipfstuhl, P. Barrett, P. A. Mayewski and K. J. Kreutz. 2006. The effects of joint ENSO-Antarctic Oscillation forcing on the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Antarctic Science 18(4): 507-514.

Kreutz, K. J. 2006. Glaciochemistry. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. S. Elias, Elsevier. 2: 1192-1198.

Williamson, B. R., K. J. Kreutz, P. Mayewski, N. Bertler, S. Sneed, L. Handley and D. Introne. 2007. A coastal transect of McMurdo Dry Valleys snow and firn: marine and terrestrial influences on glaciochemistry. Journal of Glaciology 53(183): 1-13.</Reference>
  <Summary>This data set includes high-resolution ice core records from the Dry Valleys region of Antarctica, and provides interpretations of interannual to decadal-scale climate variability during the last 2000 years (late Holocene). Intermediate-length ice cores (100 to 200 meters) were drilled at four sites along transects in the Taylor and Wright valleys, and analyzed for stable isotopes and major ions. The data set includes high-resolution ice core data for each study site. It also includes mass balance, borehole temperature, and snowpit data for each site, and Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity data for some of the sites. Snow pit data from three additional sites in the same region is also available. Data are available via FTP, in Microsoft Excel (.xls), ASCII text (.txt), and Microsoft Word (.doc) file formats.</Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/agdc/</URL>
    <Description>AGDC Web page</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/agdc/</URL>
    <Description>Project Home Page</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2009-07-01</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2013-03-20</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History> Added DOI</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
