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  <Entry_ID>NSIDC-0070</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Antarctic Ice Velocity Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Ted Scambos, compiler</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Antarctic Ice Velocity Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2004-03-23</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0070.html</Online_Resource>
    <Dataset_DOI>http://dx.doi.org/10.7265/N5KS6PH5</Dataset_DOI>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Robert</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Bindschadler</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Mail Code 971</Address>
      <Address>NASA Goddard Space Flight Center</Address>
      <City>Greenbelt</City>
      <Province_or_State>MD</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>20771</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Charles</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Raymond</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <Address>University of Washington</Address>
      <Address>Geophysics Program Box 351650</Address>
      <City>Seattle</City>
      <Province_or_State>WA</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>98195</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
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  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Glaciers/Ice Sheets</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Sheets</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Velocity</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Glaciers/Ice Sheets</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Sheets</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Velocity</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Keyword>Antarctic</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Antarctica</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Antarctic Ice Sheet</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Filchner Ice Shelf</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Sheet</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Shelf</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Velocity</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ICE VELOCITY DATA</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ronne Ice Shelf</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ross Ice Shelf</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Siple Coast</Keyword>
  <Keyword>South Pole</Keyword>
  <Keyword>VELMAP</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>AVHRR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>HRV</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>High Resolution Visible Imaging System</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>TM</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Thematic Mapper</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>LANDSAT</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>NOAA POES</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>NOAA Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SPOT-1</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Systeme Probatoire Pour l'Observation de la Terre-1</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SPOT-2</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Systeme Probatoire Pour l'Observation de la Terre-2</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SPOT-3</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Systeme Probatoire Pour l'Observation de la Terre-3</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SPOT-4</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Systeme Probatoire Pour l'Observation de la Terre-4</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>1975-01-01</Start_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>in work</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-90</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>-50</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-180</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>180</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ANTARCTICA</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>POLAR</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE</Location_Type>
    <Detailed_Location>ANTARCTICA</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>EOSDIS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Earth Observing System Data Information System</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>ESIP</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Earth Science Information Partners Program</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Originating_Center>NSIDC</Originating_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_DAAC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NASA DAAC at the National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/daac/index.html</Data_Center_URL>
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      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
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      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
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      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
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      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_AGDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Antarctic Glaciological Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/agdc/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC AGDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_USADCC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC U.S. Antarctic Data Coordination Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/usadcc/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC USADCC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
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  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>1 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII Text</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>1 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>GIF</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Bindschadler, R.A. and P. Vornberger. 1998. Changes in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet since 1963 from declassified satellite photography. Science. 279:689-92.  Bindschadler, R.A. 1997. Actively surging West Antarctic ice streams and their response characteristics. Ann. Glaciol. 24:409-14.

Bindschadler, R.A. and T.A. Scambos. 1991. Satellite-image-derived velocity field of an Antarctic ice stream. Science. 252:242-46.

Bindschadler, R.A., P. Vornberger, D. Blankenship, T. Scambos and R. Jacobel. 1996. Surface velocity and mass balance of Ice Streams D and E, West Antarctica J. Glaciol. 42(142):461-75.

Crabtree, R.D and C.S.M. Doake. 1980. Flowlines on Antarctic Ice Shelves. Pol. Rec. 20(124):31-37.  Doake, C.S.M. 1985. Glaciological evidence: Antarctic Peninsula, Weddell Sea. In: Glacier, Ice Sheets, and sea level: Effect of a CO2 Induced Climate Change. US D.O.E. Report. DOE/EV/60235-1, 197-209.

Ferrigno, J.G., B.K. Lucchitta, K.F. Mullins, A.L. Allison, R.J. Allen and W.G. Gould. 1993. Velocity measurements and changes in position of Thwaites Glacier/iceberg tongue from aerial photography, Landsat images and NOAA AVHRR data. Ann. Glaciol. 17:239-244.  Ferrigno, J.G., J.L. Mullins, J. Stapleton, P.S. Chavez, Jr., M.G. Velasco, R.S. Williams, Jr., G.F. Delinski, Jr., and D. Lear. 1996. Satellite Image Map of Antarctica. USGS Miscellaneous Investigations Series, Map I-2560.

Ferrigno, J.G., J.L. Mullins, J. Stapleton, R.A. Bindschadler, T.A. Scambos, L.B. Bellisime, J. Bowell and A.V. Acosta. 1994. Landsat TM image maps of the Shirase and Siple Coast ice streams, West Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 20:407-412.

Gerdau, H.W. and H.W. Schenke. 1984. Doppler Satellite observations of point drift rates for German research stations in the Antarctic. Zeitschrift fur Vermessungswesen. 109(4S):161-175.

Hinze, H. 1990. Zum Einsatz von Statelliten-Positionierungsverfahren fur glaziologische Aufgaven in der Antarktis. Thesis Doktor-Ingenieur. Hanover, Germany.

Hutchinson, M.F. 1993. Development of a continent-wide DEM with applications to terrain and climate analysis. In Environmental Modeling with GIS. Ed. M.F. Hutchinson et al. New York: Oxford University Press.

Jacobs, S.S., H.H. Helmer, C.S.M. Doake, A. Jenkins, and R.M. Frolich. 1992. Melting of ice shelves and the mass balance of Antarctica. J. Glaciol. 38(130):375-87.

Jenkins, A. and C.S.M. Doake. 1991. Ice-OOcean interaction on Ronne Ice Shelf. J. Geophys. Res. 96 (C1):791-813.  Lange, M.A. 1985. Variation of the ice edge postion in the eastern and southern Weddell Sea. Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme (FRISP). 2:26-31.

Lange, M.A. and H. Kohnen. 1985. Ice front fluctuations in the eastern and southern Weddell Sea. Ann. Glaciol. 6:187-91.

Lange, M.A. 1987. Quantitative estimates of the mass flux and ice movement along the ice edges in the eastern and southern Weddell Sea. In: Dynamics of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, 57-74. Dortrecht, Holland:Reidel Publishing.

Lucchitta, B.K., L.M. Bertolini, J.G. Ferrigno and R.S. Williams Jr. 1991. Monitoring the dynamics of the Antarcitc coastline with Landsat images. Antarct. J. U.S. 26(5):316-17.

Lucchitta, B.K. and H.M. Ferguson. 1986. Antarctica: measuring glacier velocity from satellite images. Science, 234(4780):1105-08.

Lucchitta, B.K., K.F. Mullins, A.L. Allison and J.G. Ferrigno. 1993. Antarctic glacier-tongue velocities from Landsat images: first results. Ann. Glaciol. 17:356-66.

Lucchitta, B.K., C.E. Rosanova and K.F. Mullins. 1995. Velocities of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, from ERS-1 SAR images. Ann. Glaciol. 21:277-83.

Lucchitta, B.K., C.E. Smith, J.A. Bowell and K.F. Mullins. 1994. Velocities and mass balance of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, Derived from ERS-1 SAR images. Proceedings Second ERS-1 Symposium-Space at the Service of our Environment. Hamburg, Germany, 11 - 14 October 1993. ESA SP-361(January 1994):147-51.

Morris, E.M., 1995. Deployment of reflectors for SAR interferometry. Sledge India field report. BAS R/1994/S6.  Moller, D., B. Reidel and B. Ritter. 1992. Strain and velocity dertermination on Ronne Ice Shelf. Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme (FRISP). 6:61-68.

Reidel, B., A. Karsten, B. Ritter and W. Niemeier. 1995. Geodetic fieldwork along Foundation Ice Stream. Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme (FRISP). 9:101-05.  Roth, A., T. Hugel, M. Matschke and G. Schreier. 1993. Experiences with ERS-1 SAR compositional accuracy. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, August 1993. Tokyo Japan, Proc. 3:1450-52.

Scambos, T.A. and R.A. Bindschadler. 1993. Complex ice stream flow revealed by sequential satellite imagery. Ann. Glaciol. 17:177-82.

Scambos, T.A., M.J. Dutkiewicz, J.C. Wilson and R.A. Bindschadler. 1992. Application of image cross-correlation to the measurement of glacier velocity using satellite image data. Remote Sensing Environ. 42(3):177-186.

Scambos, T.A., K.A. Echelmeyer, M.A. Fahnestock and R.A. Bindschadler. 1994. Development of enhanced ice flow at the southern margin of Ice Stream D, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 20:313-18.

Shabtaie, S. and C.R. Bentley. 1987. West Antarctic ice streams draining into the Ross Ice Shelf: configuration and mass balance. J. Geophys. Res. 92(B2):1311-36.

Shabtaie, S., C.R. Bentley, R.A. Bindschadler and D.R. MacAyeal. 1988. Mass-balance studies of Ice Streams A, B, and C, West Antarctica, and possible surging behavior of Ice Stream B. Ann. Glaciol. 11:137-49.

Sievers, J., A. Grindel and W. Meier. 1989. Digital satellite image mapping of Antarctica. Polarforschung. 59:23-33.

Smith, A.S, 1986. Ice rumples on Ronne Ice Shelf. Br. Antarct. Surv. Bull. 72:47-52.

Stephenson, S.N. and R.A. Bindschadler. 1988. Observed velocity fluctuations on a major Antarctic ice stream. Nature. 334:695-97.

Swithinbank, C.M.W., K. Brunk and J. Sievers. 1988. A Glaciological map of Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 11:150-55.

Thomas, R.H., D.R. MacAyeal, D.H. Eiilers, and D.R. Gaylord. 1984. Glaciological Studies on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, 1972-1978. The Ross Ice Shelf: Glaciology and Geophysics Antarctic Research Series. Volume 42(Paper 2):21-53.

Vaughan, D.G., and M. Jonas. 1996. Measurements of velocity of Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf. Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme (FRISP). 10:111-16.  Vaughan, D.G. 1994. Glacier geophysical fieldwork on Ronne Icee Shelf in 1992/93. Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme (FRISP). 7:37-39.

Vaughan, D.G., J. Sievers, C.S.M. Doake, H. Hinze, D.R. Mantripp, H. Sandhager, H.W. Schenke, A. Solheim and F. Thyssen. 1995. Subglacial and seabed topography, ice thickness and water column thickness in the vicintiy of Filchner-Ronne-Schelfeis, Antarctica. Polarforschung. 62(2):75-88.

Whillans, I.M., J. Bolzan and S. Shabtaie. 1987. Velocity of Ice Streams B and C, Antarctica. J. Geophys. Res. 92(B9):8895-902.

Whillans, I.M. and C.J. Van Der Veen. 1993. New and improved determinations of velocity of Ice Streams B and C, West Antarctica. J. Glaciol. 39:483-90.</Reference>
  <Summary>This compilation of recent ice velocity data of the Antarctic ice sheet is intended for use by the polar scientific community. The data are presented in tabular form (ASCII), containing latitude, longitude, speed, bearing, and error ranges. A metadata header describes the source of the data, the time of measurement, and gives details on measurement accuracy and precision. The tables are available for ftp transfer.

Web pages developed specifically for this data set provide detailed information for viewing and selecting the velocity data. These pages contain large satellite image maps (available as jpeg files). The data sets used to create these images were contributed by several investigators, generally from already published work. Both in situ and image-based methods are used.

References for the data sets are included with the data tables. If you have well-characterized Antarctic ice velocity data you would like to contribute to this site, please contact teds@icehouse.colorado.edu. If you have any questions concerning the relevance of these data to your work please contact NSIDC User Services.</Summary>
  <Related_URL>
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      <Type>VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/velmap/</URL>
    <Description>Antarctic ice velocity data archive web page</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NASA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2004-03-23</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2013-03-13</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History> Added DOI to Metadata record </DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
