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<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.7.1.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>NISE1</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Near-Real-Time SSM/I-SSMIS EASE-Grid Daily Global Ice Concentration and Snow Extent</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Nolin, A. W., R. Armstrong, and J. Maslanik. </Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Near-Real-Time SSM/I-SSMIS EASE-Grid Daily Global Ice Concentration and Snow Extent</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>1998-01-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/nise1.html</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Anne</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>W.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Nolin</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Oregon State Univesity</Address>
      <Address>Department of Geosciences</Address>
      <Address>Oregon State University</Address>
      <Address>104 Wilkinson Hall</Address>
      <City>Corvallis</City>
      <Province_or_State>OR</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Richard</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Armstrong</Last_Name>
    <Email>rlax@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>Colorado</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Richard</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Armstrong</Last_Name>
    <Email>rlax@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>Colorado</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Jim</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Maslanik</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@kryos.colorado.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Jim</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Maslanik</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@kryos.colorado.edu</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Extent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Sea Ice Concentration</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Extent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Cryosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Cover</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Extent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Sea Ice Concentration</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Ice Extent</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Terrestrial Hydrosphere</Topic>
    <Term>Snow/Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Snow Cover</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>Climatology/Meteorology/Atmosphere</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Antarctic</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic</Keyword>
  <Keyword>DAAC</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ECS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>EOSDIS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Global</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Global Change</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Gridded Data</Keyword>
  <Keyword>HDF-EOS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Hierarchical Data Format</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Ice Concentration</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NASA</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Near Real-time</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NISE</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NSIDC</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Passive Microwave</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Polar</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Remote Sensing</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Concentration</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Extent</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Snow</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Snow Extent</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>SSM/I</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Special Sensor Microwave/Imager</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>SSMIS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>DMSP 5D-2/F13</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F13</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>DMSP 5D-3/F17</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F17</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>1995-05-04</Start_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>in work</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-90</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>90</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-180</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>180</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ANTARCTICA</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>ARCTIC</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>NORTHERN HEMISPHERE</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>GEOGRAPHIC REGION</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE</Location_Type>
  </Location>
  <Data_Resolution>
    <Temporal_Resolution>1 day</Temporal_Resolution>
  </Data_Resolution>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>EOSDIS</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Earth Observing System Data Information System</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Project>
    <Short_Name>ESIP</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Earth Science Information Partners Program</Long_Name>
  </Project>
  <Use_Constraints>NASA provided funding for the production of this data set through the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC). NSIDC requests that prospective data users tell us how the data will be used and agree to contribute comments regarding the usefulness, relevance, and accuracy of the data). Such feedback is essential to ensure ongoing product improvement.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Originating_Center>NSIDC_DAAC</Originating_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_DAAC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NASA DAAC at the National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/daac/index.html</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>2.1 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>HDF-EOS</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Armstrong, R. L. and M. J. Brodzik. 2002. Hemispheric-Scale Comparison and Evaluation of Passive-Microwave Snow Algorithms. Annals of Glaciology 34: 38-44. 

Armstrong, R. L. and M. J. Brodzik. 2001. Recent Northern Hemisphere Snow Extent: A Comparison of Data Derived from Visible and Microwave Satellite Sensors. Geophysical Research Letters 28(19): 3673-3676.

Armstrong, R. L., and M. J. Brodzik. 1995. An Earth-Gridded SSM/I Data Set for Cryospheric Studies and Global Change Monitoring. Advances in Space Research 16: 155-63.

Brodzik, M. J. 1998. The EASE-Grid, A Versatile Set of Equal-Area Projections and Grids. Unpublished report to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, Colorado USA.

Cavalieri, D. J., C. l. Parkinson, P. Gloersen, J. C. Comiso, and H. J. Zwally. 1999. Deriving Long-Term Time Series of Sea Ice Cover from Satellite Passive-Microwave Multisensor Data Sets. Journal of Geophysical Research 104(7): 15,803-15,814.

Cavalieri, D. J., J. Crawford, M. Drinkwater, W. J. Emery, D. T. Eppler, L. D. Farmer, M. Goodberlet, R. Jentz, A. Milman, C. Morris, R. Onstott, A. Schweiger, R. Shuchman, K. Steffen, C. T. Swift, C. Wackerman, and R. L. Weaver. 1992. NASA Sea Ice Validation Program for the DMSP SSM/I: Final Report. NASA Technical Memorandum 104559. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D. C. 126 pages.

Cavalieri, D. J., P. Gloersen, and W. J. Campbell. 1984. Determination of Sea Ice Parameters With the Nimbus 7 SMMR. Journal of Geophysical Research 89(D4): 5355-69.

Chang, A. T. C., J. L. Foster, and D. K. Hall. 1987. Nimbus-7 SMMR Derived Global Snow Cover Parameters. Annals of Glaciology 9: 39-44.

Goodison, B. E. 1989. Determination of Areal Snow Water Equivalent on the Canadian Prairies Using Passive Microwave Satellite Data. IGARRS '89 Proceedings 3:1243-6.

Hollinger, J . P., R. C. Lo, G . A. Poe, R. Savage, and J . L. Peirce, 1987. Special Sensor Microwave/Imager User's Guide. Washington, D.C.: Naval Research Laboratory.

Knowles, K. 1992. Points, pixels, grids, and cells: A mapping and gridding primer. Unpublished report to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, Boulder, Colorado USA.

National Snow and Ice Data Center. 2005. EASE-Grid Version of BU-MODIS Land Cover Characterization. ftp://sidads.colorado.edu/pub/EASE/. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media.

NSIDC User's Guide. 1996. DMSP SSM/I Brightness Temperatures and Sea Ice Concentration Grids for the Polar Regions. 2d ed. NSIDC/DAAC, Boulder, Colorado USA.

Schwerdtfeger, W. 1976. Climate of Central and South America. World Survey of Climatology 12. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing.

Swift, C. T., and D. J. Cavalieri. 1985. Passive Microwave Remote Sensing for Sea Ice Research. EOS 66(49): 1210-2.

Wentz, F. J. 1992. Production of SSM/I data sets. NASA Final Report. Contract NAS8-38075.</Reference>
  <Summary>The Near-Real-Time SSM/I-SSMIS EASE-Grid Daily Global Ice Concentration and Snow Extent product (Near-real-time Ice and Snow Extent, NISE) provides daily, global near-real-time maps of sea ice concentrations and snow extent. The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) creates the current NISE product using passive microwave data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) on board the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F17 satellite. The SSMIS instrument is the next generation Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) instrument. These data are not suitable for time series, anomalies, or trends analyses. They are meant to provide a best estimate of current ice and snow conditions based on information and algorithms available at the time the data are acquired. Near-real-time products are not intended for operational use in assessing sea ice conditions for navigation. Sea ice concentration and snow extent maps are provided in two 25 km azimuthal, equal-area projections: the Southern Hemisphere 25 km low resolution (SL) and Northern Hemisphere 25 km low resolution (NL) Equal-Area Scalable Earth-Grids (EASE-Grids). The NISE product is updated daily using the best available data from the past five days. Data are in Hierarchical Data Format - Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS) format and browse files are in GIF and HDF formats. HDF-EOS data files are available from 04 May 1995 through the present. Data in both formats are updated daily and are available via FTP.</Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>VIEW PROJECT HOME PAGE</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>http://nsidc.org/data/seaice/</URL>
    <Description>Sea Ice Data </Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NASA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>1998-01-01</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2013-03-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History> Fixed FTP link.</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
