<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.7.1.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>ARCSS149</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Estimates of  Sea Ice Floe Velocities Characterizing Whaling Seasons Using Satellite Imagery of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Spring 2000 and 2001</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>David W. Norton</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Estimates of  Sea Ice Floe Velocities Characterizing Whaling Seasons Using Satellite Imagery of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas, Spring 2000 and 2001</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2006-09-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>Boulder, Colorado USA</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Online_Resource>http://nsidc.org/data/arcss149.html</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Technical Contact</Role>
    <First_Name>NSIDC</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
    <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
    <Phone>1 303 492-6199 x</Phone>
    <Fax>1 303  492-2468 x</Fax>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
      <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
      <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
      <City>Boulder</City>
      <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>David</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>W.</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Norton</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>University of Alaska Fairbanks</Address>
      <Address>North Slope Borough</Address>
      <City>Fairbanks</City>
      <Province_or_State>AK</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>99775-7220</Postal_Code>
      <Country>USA</Country>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Allison</First_Name>
    <Middle_Name>Graves</Middle_Name>
    <Last_Name>Gaylord</Last_Name>
    <Contact_Address>
      <Address>Nuna Technologies</Address>
      <Address>P.O Box 1483</Address>
      <City>Homer</City>
      <Province_or_State>AK</Province_or_State>
      <Postal_Code>99603</Postal_Code>
    </Contact_Address>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Reflectance</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>EARTH SCIENCE</Category>
    <Topic>Oceans</Topic>
    <Term>Sea Ice</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>Sea Ice Motion</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>Oceans</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>ARCSS</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ARCSS149</Keyword>
  <Keyword>ARCSS Data Coordination Center</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Arctic Sea Ice</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Beaufort Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Chukchi Sea</Keyword>
  <Keyword>cultural perspective</Keyword>
  <Keyword>local and indigenous knowledge</Keyword>
  <Keyword>NSIDC &gt; National Snow and Ice Data Center</Keyword>
  <Keyword>OPP-9908682</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Concentration</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Drift</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Extent</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Motion</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Ice Velocity</Keyword>
  <Keyword>traditional environmental knowledge</Keyword>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>AMI</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Active Microwave Instrument</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>AVHRR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Sensor_Name>
    <Short_Name>SAR</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>Synthetic Aperture Radar</Long_Name>
  </Sensor_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>ERS-2</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>European Remote Sensing Satellite-2</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>NOAA POES</Short_Name>
    <Long_Name>NOAA Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites</Long_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>RADARSAT-1</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Source_Name>
    <Short_Name>SATELLITES</Short_Name>
  </Source_Name>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>2000-03-01</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2000-06-30</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>2001-03-01</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>2001-06-30</Stop_Date>
  </Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>65</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>80</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-180</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-141</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>CONTINENT</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>NORTH AMERICA</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>ALASKA</Location_Subregion2>
  </Location>
  <Data_Resolution>
    <Latitude_Resolution>0.03 km to 1.6 km</Latitude_Resolution>
    <Longitude_Resolution>0.03 km to 1.6 km</Longitude_Resolution>
  </Data_Resolution>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Originating_Center>NSIDC_ARCSS</Originating_Center>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>NSIDC_ARCSS</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>NSIDC Arctic System Science Data Coordination Center</Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>http://nsidc.org/arcss/</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>NSIDC ARCSS</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>User Services</Last_Name>
      <Email>nsidc@nsidc.org</Email>
      <Phone>1 303 492-6199 </Phone>
      <Fax>1 303  492-2468 </Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>National Snow and Ice Data Center</Address>
        <Address>CIRES, 449 UCB</Address>
        <Address>University of Colorado</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80309-0449</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>FTP</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Size>56 MB</Distribution_Size>
    <Distribution_Format>Microsoft PowerPoint</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Norton, D. W. and A. G Gaylord. 2004. Drift velocities of ice floes in Alaska's northern Chukchi Sea flaw zone: Determinants of subsistence whaling success in 2000 and 2001. Arctic 57 (4): 347-362.

George, J. C., H. P. Huntington, K. N. Brewster, H. Eicken, D. W. Norton, and R. Glenn. 2004. Observations on shore fast ice dynamics in Arctic Alaska and the responses of the Inupiat hunting community. Arctic 57 (4): 363-374</Reference>
  <Summary>This data set formed the basis for estimating sea ice floe velocities covering two spring whaling seasons with markedly different rates of success from March to June in 2000 and 2001 in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas near Barrow, Alaska. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from the RADARSAT and the European Remote Sensing Two (ERS - 2) satellites and broadband visible (VIS) and infrared (IR)images from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite were used. Sea ice floe velocity and sea ice reflectance are the parameters used in this data set.

The temporal resolution of these images were from one to seven days with a mean of three days. The spatial resolution was 30 m to 1.6 km. These images were georeferenced and reproduced in Microsoft PowerPoint format; thus, PowerPoint is necessary to view these images. Data and browse images are available via FTP.</Summary>
  <Metadata_Name>CEOS IDN DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>9.7</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2006-09-01</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2012-09-18</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
  <DIF_Revision_History>deleted URL for NSIDC found in Related URL field</DIF_Revision_History>
</DIF>
