2024-03-29T15:59:55Zhttp://nsidc.org/api/dataset/metadata/oaioai:nsidc.org/G021352023-05-23T20:36:29Zv0_otherv0_allretirednoaa
G02135Sea Ice IndexFetterer, F., K. Knowles, W. N. Meier, M. Savoie, and A. K. Windnagel.Sea Ice Index2016-07-19Boulder, Colorado USANSIDC: National Snow and Ice Data Center2false10.7265/N5736NV7https://doi.org/10.7265/N5736NV7G02135InvestigatorFlorenceFettererfetterer@nsidc.orgBoulderCOUSAInvestigatorKennethKnowlesNational Snow and Ice Data CenterCIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAInvestigatorWalterNMeierwalt@nsidc.orgBoudlerCO80309USAInvestigatorMatthewSavoiesavoie@nsidc.orgCIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAInvestigatorAnnKathrynWindnagelTechnical ContactNSIDCUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468CIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAEARTH SCIENCECryosphereSea IceIce Extent ICE EXTENTEARTH SCIENCEOceansSea IceIce Extent ICE EXTENTEARTH SCIENCECryosphereSea IceIce Growth/Melt ICE GROWTH/MELTEARTH SCIENCEOceansSea IceIce Growth/Melt ICE GROWTH/MELTEARTH SCIENCECryosphereSea IceSea Ice Concentration SEA ICE CONCENTRATIONEARTH SCIENCEOceansSea IceSea Ice Concentration SEA ICE CONCENTRATIONClimatology/Meteorology/AtmosphereOceansNOAASea IceSea Ice AnomaliesSea Ice ConditionsSea Ice ExtentSea Ice TrendsSMMRScanning Multichannel Microwave RadiometerSSM/ISpecial Sensor Microwave/ImagerSSMISSpecial Sensor Microwave Imager/SounderDMSPDefense Meteorological Satellite ProgramDMSP 5D-3/F17Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F17DMSP 5D-3/F18Defense Meteorological Satellite Program-F18Nimbus-7Nimbus-71978-10-262017-10-19complete30.9890-180180-90-39.23-180180ContinentAntarcticaGeographic RegionArctic25 km25 km1 dayEnglishNOAANOAANational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationhttp://nsidc.org/noaa/Data Center ContactNOAAUser Servicesnsidc@nsidc.org1-303-492-61991-303-492-2468National Snow and Ice Data CenterCIRES, 449 UCBUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USAFTP0.046 - 1.6 MBPNGFTP136 - 651 KBGeoTIFFFTP2 - 34 KBASCIIFTP9 - 90 KBShapefileAgnew, T. A., and S. Howell. 2002a. The use of operational i ce charts for evaluating passive microwave ice concentration data. Internal Report of the Meteorological Service of Canada. 34 pp.
Agnew, T. A., and S. Howell. 2002b. Comparison of digitized Canadian ice charts and passive microwave sea-ice concentrations. Procedures of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, July 24-28. Toronto: Canada.
Cavalieri, D.J., P. Gloersen and W. J. Campbell. 1984. Determination of sea ice parameters with the NIMBUS-7 SMMR. Journal of Geophysical Research 89 (D4): 5355-5369.
Cavalieri, D.J., K.M. St. Germain and C.T. Swift. 1995. Reduction of weather effects in the calculation of sea ice concentration with the DMSP SSM/I. Journal of Glaciology 41: 455-464. Cavalieri, D., P. Gloerson, and J. Zwally. 1990. DMSP SSM/I daily polar gridded sea ice concentrations. Edited by J. Maslanik and J. Stroeve. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media.
Cavalieri, D., C. Parkinson, P. Gloerson, and H.J. Zwally. 1997, updated 2005. Sea ice concentrations from Nimbus-7 SMMR and DMSP SSM/I passive microwave data, June to September 2001. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media and CD-ROM. Cavalieri, D., P. Gloerson, and J. Zwally. 2002, updated daily. Near Real-Time DMSP SSM/I Daily Polar Gridded Sea Ice Concentrations. Edited by J. Maslanik and J. Stroeve. Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center. Digital media. Comiso, J. C., and R. Kwok. 1996. Surface and radiative characteristics of the summer arctic sea ice cover from multi-sensor satellite observations. Journal of Geophysical Research 101 (C12): 28, 397-28, 416.
Comiso, J. C., and K. Steffen. 2001. Studies of Antarctic sea ice concentrations from satellite data and their applications. Journal of Geophysical Research 106 (C12): 31, 361-31, 386.
Emery, W. J., C. Fowler, and J. Maslanik. 1994. Arctic sea ice concentration from Special Sensor Microwave Imager and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite data. Journal of Geophysical Research 99: 18,329-18,342.
Eppler, D.T., L.D. Farmer, A.W. Lohanick, M.A. Anderson, D. Cavalieri, J. Comiso, P. Gloersen, C. Garrity, T.C. Grenfell, M. Hallikainen, J.A. Maslanik, C. Mätzler, R.A. Melloh, I. Rubinstein, and C.T. Swift. 1992. Passive microwave signatures of sea ice. In Microwave remote sensing of sea ice. Edited by F.D. Carsey. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. 47-71.
Fetterer, F., and N. Untersteiner. 1998. Observations of melt ponds on arctic sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research 103 (C11): 24,821-24,835.
Hollinger, J.P., J.L. Peirce, and G.A. Poe. 1990. SSM/I Instrument Evaluation. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 28 (5): 781-790.
Kwok, R. 2002. Sea ice concentration estimates from satellite passive microwave radiometry and openings from SAR ice motion. Geophysical Research Letters 29 (9): 10.1029/202GL014787.
Markus, T., and S. T. Dokken. 2002. Evaluation of late summer passive microwave arctic sea ice retrievals. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 40 (2): 348-356.
Meier, W. N., M .L. V. Woert, and C. Bertoia. 2001. Evaluation of operational SSM/I algorithms. Annals of Glaciology 33: 102-108.
Meier, W. N. 2005. Comparison of passive microwave retrievals with AVHRR imagery in arctic peripheral seas. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 43 (6): 1324-1337.
Parkinson, C.L., D.J. Cavalieri, P. Gloersen, H.J. Zwally, and J.C. Comiso. 1999. Arctic sea ice extents, areas, and trends, 1978-1996. Journal of Geophysical Research 104 (C9): 20,837-20,856.
Partington, K., T. Flynn, D. Lamb, C. Bertoia, and K. Dedrick. 2003. Late twentieth century Northern Hemisphere sea-ice record from U.S. National Ice Center ice charts. J. Geophys. Res. 108(C11): 3343. doi:10.1029/2002JC001623.
Steffen, K., and A. Schweiger. 1991. NASA team algorithm for sea ice concentration retrieval from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program Special Sensor Microwave Imager: comparison with Landsat satellite imagery. Journal of Geophysical Research 96 (C12): 21,971-21,987.
Steffen, K., J. Key, D. Cavalieri, J. Comiso, P. Gloersen, K.S. Germain, and I. Rubinstein. 1992. The estimation of geophysical parameters using passive microwave algorithms in microwave remote sensing of sea ice. Edited by F.D. Carsey. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union. 201-231.The <a href="/data/seaice_index/">Sea Ice Index</a> provides a quick look at Arctic- and Antarctic-wide changes in sea ice. It is a source for consistent, up-to-date sea ice extent and concentration images, in PNG format, and data values, in ASCII text files, from November 1978 to the present. Sea Ice Index images also depict trends and anomalies in ice cover calculated using a 30-year reference period of 1981 through 2010.
The images and data are produced in a consistent way that makes the Index time-series appropriate for use when looking at long-term trends in sea ice cover. Both monthly and daily products are available. However, monthly products are better to use for long-term trend analysis because errors in the daily product tend to be averaged out in the monthly product and because day-to-day variations are often the result of short-term weather.https://doi.org/10.7265/N5736NV7PROJECT HOME PAGEhttps://nsidc.org/data/seaice/index.htmlSea Ice Data at NSIDCCEOS IDN DIFVERSION 9.92016-07-192023-05-23NSIDCVersion SummaryThe Sea Ice Index has been updated to Version 2. Changes include using the most recently available version of the GSFC input sea ice concentration data and adjusting three procedures in the Sea Ice Index processing routine. These four updates affected different sections of the Sea Ice Index time series. All of them affected the final monthly data and two of them affected the final daily data. Additionally, two of the updates affected the near-real-time monthly data and one of them affected the near-real-time daily data. See the Sea Ice Index Version 2 documentation for complete details.NSIDCMinor Version1The Sea Ice Index has been updated to Version 2.1. The motivation for the update to Version 2.1 was to port the Sea Ice Index IDL code to Python. Prior to V2.1, the Sea Ice Index was processed with code written mainly in IDL with some Perl, Ruby, and C. In an effort to streamline the processing, all of the code has been ported to Python. During this porting, the images and graphs were given an updated look for ease in reading the images and some minor adjustments were made to some computations. However, these changes did not alter any daily data values and only altered five percent of the monthly data values in the second decimal place.0NSIDCLevel of ServiceNo Data AccessNSIDCFull Dataset CitationFetterer, F., K. Knowles, W. N. Meier, M. Savoie, and A. K. Windnagel. 2016. <i>Sea Ice Index.</i> Version 2. [indicate subset used]. Boulder, Colorado USA: National Snow and Ice Data Center. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7265/N5736NV7">https://doi.org/10.7265/N5736NV7</a>. [Date Accessed].NSIDCRetiredtrue